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Compare · UN World Population Prospects 2024
Czechia and 
Slovakia, side by side
Line both places up by age in 2026. In Czechia, half are older than 45; in Slovakia, half are older than 44.
UN estimates for mid-2023: Czechia 10,809,716 people · Slovakia 5,518,054
How to read this: each pyramid stacks a place’s people by age — babies at the bottom, the oldest at the top, men on the left and women on the right. A wide bottom means many children; a wide top means many older people.
Each bar is a share of its own place’s people, so a small country and a large one can be read side by side.
men women projected
CZE × SVK · 2026 · age groups
If each place were 100 people
Shrink each population to 100 people and count them. Dots are children under 15, filled squares are people aged 15 to 64, and open squares are people 65 and over. The picture follows the year slider above.
- Children, under 15
- 15
- Aged 15 to 64
- 64
- Aged 65 and over
- 21
- Children, under 15
- 15
- Aged 15 to 64
- 65
- Aged 65 and over
- 20
CZE × SVK · families and lifetimes
Children, and how long lives last
Czechia is at about 1.5 children for each woman, at this year's rates; Slovakia is at about 1.6. Babies born this year can expect about 80 years of life in Czechia and about 79 in Slovakia.
Children per woman, 2026
Each figure is one child: how many children a woman would have in her lifetime at that year’s rates.
The dashed line at 2.1 is about what it takes for each generation to replace the one before it, leaving migration aside.
How long a newborn can expect to live, 2026
Each block is ten years of life, if the death rates of that year stayed the same all life long.
Hatched marks are UN projections (medium variant), not measurements.
CZE × SVK · 1950–2100 · how many
How big, and where they are heading
Czechia has about 90% more people than Slovakia: 10.5 million against 5.5 million.
Czechia's population is 1.2 times what it was in 1950; Slovakia's population is 1.6 times what it was in 1950.
Czechia's population peaked in 2023. Meanwhile Slovakia's population peaked in 2023. In 2100: 8.2 million in Czechia, 3.4 million in Slovakia (UN projection, medium).
Show the numbers
| Year | Czechia: people | Slovakia: people | Czechia: half older than | Slovakia: half older than | Czechia: children per woman | Slovakia: children per woman | Czechia: life expectancy | Slovakia: life expectancy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 8.91671 million | 3.46575 million | 32.3 | 27.0 | 2.82 | 3.61 | 64.4 | 60.8 |
| 1960 | 9.54161 million | 4.12444 million | 33.1 | 27.7 | 2.09 | 3.02 | 70.5 | 70.3 |
| 1970 | 9.80125 million | 4.52587 million | 33.5 | 28.3 | 1.92 | 2.42 | 69.5 | 69.7 |
| 1980 | 10.2754 million | 4.97666 million | 33.0 | 28.9 | 2.08 | 2.32 | 70.3 | 70.4 |
| 1990 | 10.3020 million | 5.26608 million | 35.3 | 31.3 | 1.89 | 2.08 | 71.4 | 70.8 |
| 2000 | 10.2368 million | 5.38000 million | 37.4 | 34.0 | 1.15 | 1.29 | 75.0 | 73.1 |
| 2010 | 10.4640 million | 5.39185 million | 39.7 | 37.1 | 1.51 | 1.43 | 77.6 | 75.5 |
| 2023 | 10.8097 million | 5.51805 million | 43.7 | 42.3 | 1.45 | 1.56 | 79.8 | 78.3 |
| 2030* | 10.4251 million | 5.40139 million | 46.4 | 45.4 | 1.50 | 1.58 | 80.8 | 79.5 |
| 2040* | 10.1072 million | 5.19201 million | 48.3 | 49.0 | 1.54 | 1.59 | 82.2 | 81.1 |
| 2050* | 9.82554 million | 4.93649 million | 47.0 | 50.3 | 1.57 | 1.60 | 83.6 | 82.6 |
| 2060* | 9.45125 million | 4.63502 million | 47.7 | 50.3 | 1.58 | 1.61 | 84.8 | 84.0 |
| 2070* | 8.97273 million | 4.27129 million | 48.5 | 51.4 | 1.59 | 1.62 | 86.0 | 85.3 |
| 2080* | 8.62773 million | 3.92699 million | 47.5 | 51.5 | 1.60 | 1.62 | 87.2 | 86.5 |
| 2090* | 8.41848 million | 3.65644 million | 47.8 | 51.3 | 1.61 | 1.63 | 88.3 | 87.7 |
| 2100* | 8.22808 million | 3.42722 million | 49.1 | 52.4 | 1.62 | 1.63 | 89.4 | 88.8 |
* UN projection, medium variant. People at mid-year; ages and life expectancy in years.
CZE − SVK · 1950–2100 · every age
Which ages each place has more of
Each column is a year and each row an age, from babies at the bottom to 100 at the top. The shade of a cell shows which place has more of its people at that age — the key beside the picture tells you which shade is Czechia and which is Slovakia, and the in-between shade means the same. Because it compares shares, a small place and a large one can be compared fairly.
236 countries · 1950–2100
Where they sit among all countries
Every country in the world, every year from 1950 to 2100. The grey cloud shows where most countries are; Czechia is drawn in solid blue squares and Slovakia in open orange squares, so you can see whether each is ahead of the crowd, behind it or in the middle.
Apparatus
Sources and method
Every figure for Czechia and Slovakia is the United Nations Population Division's, from World Population Prospects 2024: counted to 2023, and the medium projection for each year after that. Both places are taken from the same release and the same tables, which is what makes them comparable at all.
For how the median age is derived, why “100 people” can read a person high or low, and what the all-country pictures do and do not count, see the method.
250 comparisons have a page of their own; any other two places can be compared from the boxes at the top.
Sources: UN WPP 2024 · flag-icons. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →
Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries