Country or area · Eastern Europe · Europe · UN WPP 2024

Slovakia population

Slovakia population now

5,449,147

A projection read at this second, not a count: the UN's totals for 1 January 2026 and 2027, joined by a straight line. 95% range for 31 December 2026: 5.4–5.5 million.

Mid-2023, UN estimate: 5,518,054

Year: 2026; projection · medium
Population, mid-2026: 5.45134 million; 95% range, 31 Dec: 5.4–5.5 million
Median age: 43.8
Aged 65+: 19.5%

Move through time, 1950–2100

2023 | 2024

male female projection · one cell = 1,000 people

How to read this: one row for each age, newborns at the bottom; men on the left, women on the right.

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries

SVK · 1950–2100 · in brief

Slovakia in numbers

5,518,054 people lived in Slovakia in mid-2023: 0.07% of the world's people, and the 119th-largest population of the 236 countries and areas the UN reports. That is 1.6 times its 1950 population of 3.5 million.

Its population peaked in 2023 at 5.5 million. The UN's medium projection has 3.4 million in 2100. The projection is uncertain: on 1 January 2100 the UN's 95% range runs from 2.4 million to 4.5 million.

Since 2020, more people have died here each year than have been born, and the UN's projection has that holding every year to 2100. Deaths also outnumbered births in 2001–2003. The population still grew until 2023, because more people arrived than left.

The median age was 27.0 in 1950 and 42.3 in 2023; the projection has 52.4 in 2100. 18.1% of people were 65 or older in 2023, against 34.7% projected for 2100. The working-age population (15–64) peaked in 2010 at 3.9 million; in 2023 it was 3.6 million.

Among countries it ranks 119th in 2023, 130th in 2050 and 137th in 2100. In the medium projection it overtakes Hong Kong in 2072. It is overtaken by Liberia in 2024, the Central African Republic in 2025 and Oman in 2025.

Population, mid-2023: 5,518,054
Rank by population, 2023: 119 of 236
Share of the world, 2023: 0.07%
Change in a year, mid-2022 to mid-2023: +0.82% · +44,858 people
People per km² of land, 2023: 115
Land area, 2023: 48,080 km²
Births, 2023: 52,271
Deaths, 2023: 54,167
Net migration, 2023: +4,933
Children per woman, 2023: 1.56
Median age, 2023: 42.3 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2023: 78.3 years
In a city, 2025: 15 of every 100
Population, mid-1950: 3,465,747
Projected, mid-2050: 4,936,488
Projected, mid-2100: 3,427,216

SVK · 1950–2100 · total population

Population, 1950–2100

estimates | projections01 m2 m3 m4 m5 m6 m1950197520002025205020752100

estimate projection, up to the bottom of the 95% range 95% range medium projection. One column is one year's population, read on 1 January; the paper rules divide it into equal cells.

Show the numbers: Slovakia, 1950–2100

Slovakia: population on 1 January, births, deaths, fertility and life expectancy, 1950–2100
Year	Kind	Population, 1 Jan	95% range	Births	Deaths	Children per woman	Life expectancy
1950	estimate	3,438,386		100,288	40,027	3.61	60.8
1951	estimate	3,493,108		101,136	40,578	3.60	61.1
1952	estimate	3,557,644		101,228	36,970	3.56	64.3
1953	estimate	3,626,075		99,334	35,644	3.47	65.7
1954	estimate	3,694,083		98,381	34,970	3.41	66.7
1955	estimate	3,761,982		99,491	33,025	3.44	67.8
1956	estimate	3,832,724		99,568	32,892	3.43	68.4
1957	estimate	3,903,815		97,386	35,776	3.35	67.5
1958	estimate	3,969,850		93,088	32,119	3.19	69.4
1959	estimate	4,035,541		87,899	34,152	3.00	69.0
1960	estimate	4,093,807		88,657	31,716	3.02	70.3
1961	estimate	4,155,077		87,141	31,424	2.96	70.8
1962	estimate	4,215,607		83,903	34,521	2.83	70.3
1963	estimate	4,255,973		86,678	33,150	2.92	70.7
1964	estimate	4,300,952		86,275	32,993	2.89	71.1
1965	estimate	4,345,632		83,613	36,076	2.78	70.3
1966	estimate	4,384,463		80,794	36,494	2.66	70.4
1967	estimate	4,419,941		76,808	35,598	2.49	71.0
1968	estimate	4,452,267		75,561	38,345	2.39	70.5
1969	estimate	4,480,613		78,788	40,945	2.44	69.8
1970	estimate	4,509,463		80,287	42,549	2.42	69.7
1971	estimate	4,542,279		82,913	43,144	2.42	69.9
1972	estimate	4,578,557		87,785	41,783	2.48	70.3
1973	estimate	4,621,042		93,262	44,129	2.56	70.0
1974	estimate	4,666,311		98,116	45,255	2.61	70.2
1975	estimate	4,714,979		98,537	45,523	2.54	70.3
1976	estimate	4,763,352		100,468	45,721	2.54	70.5
1977	estimate	4,813,667		100,207	47,495	2.49	70.4
1978	estimate	4,861,757		100,699	48,067	2.47	70.4
1979	estimate	4,909,698		100,333	48,120	2.45	70.7
1980	estimate	4,957,195		95,369	50,931	2.32	70.4
1981	estimate	4,996,116		93,521	50,017	2.28	70.6
1982	estimate	5,033,801		92,976	50,873	2.28	70.8
1983	estimate	5,069,814		92,570	52,941	2.28	70.5
1984	estimate	5,103,077		91,148	52,254	2.26	70.7
1985	estimate	5,135,696		90,059	53,049	2.25	70.7
1986	estimate	5,166,636		86,872	53,825	2.19	70.9
1987	estimate	5,193,541		83,635	52,560	2.14	71.1
1988	estimate	5,218,219		82,497	53,082	2.13	71.1
1989	estimate	5,241,134		79,364	54,511	2.07	70.9
1990	estimate	5,258,729		79,350	55,259	2.08	70.8
1991	estimate	5,273,427		77,959	55,234	2.03	70.9
1992	estimate	5,296,321		74,461	54,029	1.93	71.4
1993	estimate	5,316,551		72,788	53,242	1.86	71.9
1994	estimate	5,336,169		66,144	51,912	1.67	72.3
1995	estimate	5,350,293		61,205	53,195	1.52	72.3
1996	estimate	5,358,271		59,793	51,717	1.47	72.7
1997	estimate	5,366,586		58,783	52,643	1.43	72.7
1998	estimate	5,372,973		57,292	53,637	1.38	72.6
1999	estimate	5,376,619		55,934	52,858	1.33	73.0
2000	estimate	5,379,589		54,799	53,142	1.29	73.1
2001	estimate	5,380,409		51,253	52,333	1.20	73.6
2002	estimate	5,378,465		50,745	51,729	1.19	73.8
2003	estimate	5,376,910		51,696	52,469	1.20	73.8
2004	estimate	5,375,482		53,652	52,014	1.25	74.2
2005	estimate	5,376,595		54,374	53,614	1.26	74.2
2006	estimate	5,376,795		53,950	53,304	1.25	74.4
2007	estimate	5,376,897		54,554	53,774	1.27	74.5
2008	estimate	5,377,101		57,438	52,911	1.34	74.9
2009	estimate	5,381,140		61,070	52,654	1.43	75.2
2010	estimate	5,389,005		60,529	53,025	1.43	75.5
2011	estimate	5,394,697		60,669	51,462	1.45	76.0
2012	estimate	5,401,520		57,845	52,008	1.39	76.2
2013	estimate	5,408,222		57,249	51,665	1.40	76.5
2014	estimate	5,412,621		57,348	50,970	1.42	76.8
2015	estimate	5,417,840		55,555	53,234	1.40	76.7
2016	estimate	5,422,716		57,430	51,832	1.48	77.2
2017	estimate	5,431,802		57,903	53,388	1.52	77.2
2018	estimate	5,439,599		57,597	53,768	1.54	77.3
2019	estimate	5,446,865		57,083	52,698	1.57	77.7
2020	estimate	5,454,386		56,663	59,735	1.59	76.9
2021	estimate	5,455,661		56,781	74,409	1.63	74.6
2022	estimate	5,429,857		52,754	58,391	1.56	77.0
2023	estimate	5,516,536		52,271	54,167	1.56	78.3
2024	estimate	5,519,573		51,117	55,732	1.56	78.5
2025	projection	5,493,946	5.5–5.5 million	49,631	56,369	1.57	78.7
2026	projection	5,455,816	5.4–5.5 million	47,925	57,002	1.57	78.8
2027	projection	5,446,868	5.4–5.5 million	46,921	57,679	1.57	79.0
2028	projection	5,436,022	5.4–5.5 million	46,058	58,417	1.58	79.1
2029	projection	5,423,570	5.4–5.5 million	45,224	59,215	1.58	79.3
2030	projection	5,409,302	5.3–5.5 million	44,488	59,943	1.58	79.5
2031	projection	5,393,483	5.3–5.5 million	43,891	60,706	1.58	79.7
2032	projection	5,376,301	5.3–5.5 million	43,460	61,476	1.58	79.8
2033	projection	5,357,958	5.3–5.5 million	43,156	62,316	1.59	80.0
2034	projection	5,338,473	5.2–5.5 million	42,935	63,076	1.59	80.2
2035	projection	5,318,087	5.2–5.5 million	42,806	63,866	1.59	80.3
2036	projection	5,296,599	5.2–5.5 million	42,763	64,662	1.59	80.5
2037	projection	5,274,361	5.1–5.4 million	42,875	65,429	1.59	80.6
2038	projection	5,251,494	5.1–5.4 million	43,025	66,117	1.59	80.8
2039	projection	5,228,051	5.0–5.4 million	43,186	66,753	1.59	80.9
2040	projection	5,204,198	5.0–5.4 million	43,319	67,300	1.59	81.1
2041	projection	5,179,822	5.0–5.4 million	43,458	67,789	1.59	81.3
2042	projection	5,155,117	4.9–5.4 million	43,648	68,202	1.60	81.4
2043	projection	5,130,255	4.9–5.4 million	43,719	68,533	1.59	81.6
2044	projection	5,105,031	4.8–5.4 million	43,837	68,820	1.60	81.7
2045	projection	5,079,638	4.8–5.4 million	43,837	68,975	1.60	81.9
2046	projection	5,054,201	4.7–5.4 million	43,747	69,094	1.60	82.0
2047	projection	5,028,550	4.7–5.4 million	43,530	69,165	1.60	82.2
2048	projection	5,002,680	4.7–5.3 million	43,243	69,150	1.60	82.3
2049	projection	4,976,561	4.6–5.3 million	42,885	69,129	1.60	82.5
2050	projection	4,949,954	4.6–5.3 million	42,422	69,014	1.60	82.6
2051	projection	4,923,022	4.5–5.3 million	41,837	68,955	1.60	82.8
2052	projection	4,895,635	4.5–5.3 million	41,232	68,871	1.61	82.9
2053	projection	4,867,669	4.4–5.3 million	40,563	68,809	1.61	83.1
2054	projection	4,839,124	4.4–5.3 million	39,855	68,763	1.61	83.2
2055	projection	4,810,119	4.3–5.2 million	39,075	68,817	1.61	83.3
2056	projection	4,780,187	4.3–5.2 million	38,330	68,847	1.61	83.5
2057	projection	4,749,390	4.2–5.2 million	37,593	68,952	1.61	83.6
2058	projection	4,717,826	4.2–5.2 million	36,869	69,115	1.61	83.8
2059	projection	4,685,329	4.2–5.2 million	36,235	69,240	1.61	83.9
2060	projection	4,652,040	4.1–5.1 million	35,682	69,444	1.61	84.0
2061	projection	4,618,001	4.1–5.1 million	35,182	69,630	1.61	84.2
2062	projection	4,583,356	4.0–5.1 million	34,714	69,764	1.61	84.3
2063	projection	4,547,975	4.0–5.1 million	34,343	69,984	1.61	84.4
2064	projection	4,512,056	3.9–5.1 million	34,068	70,155	1.61	84.5
2065	projection	4,475,625	3.9–5.0 million	33,847	70,310	1.62	84.7
2066	projection	4,438,877	3.8–5.0 million	33,642	70,383	1.62	84.8
2067	projection	4,401,934	3.8–5.0 million	33,492	70,528	1.62	84.9
2068	projection	4,364,669	3.7–5.0 million	33,387	70,554	1.62	85.0
2069	projection	4,327,216	3.6–4.9 million	33,346	70,433	1.62	85.2
2070	projection	4,289,868	3.6–4.9 million	33,322	70,249	1.62	85.3
2071	projection	4,252,707	3.5–4.9 million	33,267	69,874	1.62	85.4
2072	projection	4,215,870	3.5–4.9 million	33,253	69,453	1.62	85.5
2073	projection	4,179,303	3.5–4.9 million	33,239	68,940	1.62	85.7
2074	projection	4,143,352	3.4–4.8 million	33,249	68,280	1.62	85.8
2075	projection	4,108,034	3.4–4.8 million	33,163	67,558	1.62	85.9
2076	projection	4,073,319	3.3–4.8 million	33,055	66,726	1.62	86.0
2077	projection	4,039,337	3.3–4.8 million	32,948	65,827	1.62	86.1
2078	projection	4,006,120	3.2–4.8 million	32,787	64,869	1.62	86.3
2079	projection	3,973,852	3.2–4.7 million	32,556	63,836	1.62	86.4
2080	projection	3,942,357	3.1–4.7 million	32,321	62,786	1.62	86.5
2081	projection	3,911,628	3.1–4.7 million	32,045	61,708	1.62	86.6
2082	projection	3,881,742	3.0–4.7 million	31,736	60,650	1.63	86.7
2083	projection	3,852,676	3.0–4.7 million	31,368	59,555	1.62	86.8
2084	projection	3,824,335	3.0–4.6 million	30,991	58,416	1.63	87.0
2085	projection	3,796,740	2.9–4.6 million	30,592	57,311	1.63	87.1
2086	projection	3,769,812	2.9–4.6 million	30,190	56,249	1.63	87.2
2087	projection	3,743,582	2.8–4.6 million	29,794	55,223	1.63	87.3
2088	projection	3,718,034	2.8–4.6 million	29,386	54,212	1.63	87.4
2089	projection	3,693,050	2.8–4.6 million	28,927	53,246	1.63	87.5
2090	projection	3,668,480	2.7–4.6 million	28,544	52,401	1.63	87.7
2091	projection	3,644,400	2.7–4.6 million	28,177	51,661	1.63	87.8
2092	projection	3,620,668	2.6–4.6 million	27,828	50,979	1.63	87.9
2093	projection	3,597,289	2.6–4.5 million	27,476	50,378	1.63	88.0
2094	projection	3,574,201	2.6–4.5 million	27,163	49,816	1.63	88.1
2095	projection	3,551,330	2.5–4.5 million	26,903	49,391	1.63	88.2
2096	projection	3,528,618	2.5–4.5 million	26,717	49,043	1.63	88.3
2097	projection	3,506,097	2.5–4.5 million	26,506	48,779	1.63	88.4
2098	projection	3,483,548	2.4–4.5 million	26,304	48,567	1.63	88.5
2099	projection	3,461,009	2.4–4.6 million	26,165	48,465	1.63	88.7
2100	projection	3,438,506	2.4–4.5 million	26,033	48,392	1.63	88.8

Show the numbers: Slovakia, mid-2026, by single year of age

Slovakia: population by single year of age, mid-2026
Age	Male	Female
0	24,759	23,476
1	25,244	23,929
2	25,826	24,482
3	26,533	25,164
4	27,928	26,496
5	28,947	27,480
6	29,303	27,926
7	30,134	28,604
8	30,734	29,074
9	30,758	29,290
10	30,293	28,702
11	29,574	28,100
12	29,180	27,934
13	29,426	27,829
14	30,731	29,129
15	30,750	29,684
16	30,414	29,084
17	30,229	28,501
18	28,627	27,144
19	27,689	26,214
20	27,590	25,991
21	27,424	25,880
22	26,539	25,128
23	25,614	24,354
24	25,657	24,230
25	26,760	25,234
26	27,686	26,535
27	28,209	27,010
28	29,080	27,590
29	29,972	28,312
30	30,627	29,086
31	32,090	30,916
32	35,120	33,741
33	37,231	35,638
34	38,358	36,947
35	39,660	38,088
36	39,987	38,481
37	40,538	39,213
38	41,340	40,060
39	42,165	40,762
40	43,644	41,834
41	44,404	42,468
42	44,520	42,444
43	44,888	42,321
44	44,899	42,474
45	45,126	42,762
46	46,413	44,024
47	47,028	45,034
48	46,798	44,588
49	46,596	44,210
50	45,582	43,823
51	44,733	43,402
52	43,234	42,281
53	40,421	40,118
54	37,848	37,738
55	35,886	36,000
56	34,689	35,108
57	33,216	34,036
58	32,206	33,343
59	32,451	34,083
60	32,956	35,203
61	33,609	36,139
62	33,522	36,256
63	32,053	35,164
64	31,174	35,006
65	30,996	35,341
66	30,240	34,737
67	29,880	35,030
68	29,972	36,037
69	29,584	36,778
70	28,729	36,817
71	27,504	35,756
72	26,067	34,490
73	24,682	33,702
74	23,211	32,884
75	21,295	31,118
76	18,840	28,396
77	16,834	26,156
78	15,195	24,528
79	12,755	21,574
80	10,422	18,552
81	9,270	17,374
82	8,306	16,061
83	7,216	14,430
84	6,358	13,280
85	5,518	11,946
86	4,526	10,375
87	3,606	8,739
88	2,932	7,273
89	2,376	6,074
90	1,932	5,124
91	1,542	4,200
92	1,196	3,338
93	937	2,687
94	690	2,059
95	482	1,482
96	352	1,064
97	248	738
98	162	481
99	98	300
100+	122	424

SVK · 1950–2100 · every age, every year

Slovakia, every age in every year

Each column is a year and each row an age; the denser the ink in a cell, the more people. Everyone born in the same year climbs one 45° diagonal, so famines, baby booms and migration show up as streaks. Select a cell to follow its generation.

SVK · ages 15–64

Who does the work in Slovakia

Slovakia had the most working-age people it is ever expected to have in 2010: 3,887,020 people aged 15–64, against 3,644,230 in 2023.

100 aged 15–64

24 children

27 aged 65+

aged 15–64 children under 15 aged 65 and over

How to read this: the orange squares are 100 people aged 15–64 in 2023, and the rows below are how many children (teal) and how many people aged 65 or older (violet) lived alongside them.

Fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 in 26 years: 1996–2021.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100 the same, projected 50 or more

How to read this: 1950 on the left, 2100 on the right; coloured in the years with fewer than 50 dependants per 100 working-age people, grey in the rest, hatched where that is a projection.

How every country compares

SVK · arrivals minus departures

Who arrives in Slovakia, and who leaves

In 2020–2025 Slovakia gains 10,906 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 45–49, at 1,243 a year more arriving than leaving.

one square = 200 people a year

020406080+

more arrive than leave more leave than arrive

How to read this: left to right is age, from babies to 100. Blue squares above the line are ages at which more people arrive than leave; orange squares below it, ages at which more leave than arrive. These are the UN's projection for 2020–2025. There is no record of migration by age before 2020.

In the years that were counted, 1950–2023, the most it gained in one year was 92,314 (2022) and the most it lost was 9,402 (1990).

In 2024, 323,991 people living in Slovakia had been born in another country, 6 of every 100 people there, against fewer than 1 in 1990.

How migration works everywhere

SVK · births by the mother's age · 1950–2100

Who has the babies in Slovakia

Of every 100 babies born in Slovakia in 2023, 6 had a mother under 20, 74 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 20 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 8 under 20 and 16 aged 35 or older.

1950
8 · 76 · 16

2023
6 · 74 · 20

2050 · projected
1 · 74 · 25

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: each block is 100 babies born in that year, one square each, coloured by how old the mother was. The numbers under a block are the three groups, youngest mothers first.

Babies born, 2023: 52,271
Average age when women have a baby: 28.9 years; 28.2 in 1950
Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19: 25; 54 in 1950

Babies by the mother's age, 1950–2100

Babies born in Slovakia by the mother's age
Mother's age	1950	1975	2000	2023	2050 projected	2100 projected
10–14	48	32	51	55	5	3
15–19	8,172	10,329	5,242	3,286	581	424
20–24	32,401	45,713	19,358	7,551	3,875	2,762
25–29	31,113	27,564	18,602	14,248	11,599	7,371
30–34	12,849	10,216	7,893	16,751	15,768	9,031
35–39	11,031	3,741	3,039	8,530	8,489	5,071
40–44	4,411	876	581	1,743	1,958	1,257
45–49	263	53	28	107	146	113
50–54	0	13	5	0	1	1
All babies	100,288	98,537	54,799	52,271	42,422	26,033

The UN's births for each year, split by the mother's age in the UN's own proportions.

SVK · healthy years · 2021

Years in good health in Slovakia

Of the 74.5 years a baby born in Slovakia in 2021 could expect, about 64.9 would be lived in full health (95% range 64.2–65.6). That leaves 9.6 years in less than full health, close to the world's 9.5.

Women

66.9 in full health, 11.1 not: 78.0 years

Men

63.0 in full health, 8.1 not: 71.1 years

a year in full health a year in less than full health

How to read this: each square is a year of life, each row ten years; filled squares are years in full health, rounded to whole years.

Women: 66.9 healthy years of 78.0. Men: 63.0 of 71.1. In 2019, before the pandemic, the healthy years were 67.5.

SVK · forced from home · end of 2025

Displacement in Slovakia

At the end of 2025, Slovakia was hosting 140,901 people who had crossed a border into it, about 26 of every 1,000 people living there.

hosted from abroad140,901
Slovakia nationals abroad716

stayed inside their own country crossed a border

How to read this: each square is 5,000 people, so the rows can be compared with one another. The last row is people from Slovakia living in another country, wherever they are. An outlined square means fewer people than one square stands for.

In 2025, 142 people asked for asylum in Slovakia for the first time; 96 people from Slovakia asked for asylum in another country. Who asks for asylum, and who is given it

How the world's displacement is counted

SVK · of every 100 people

How people live in Slovakia

Of every 100 people in Slovakia in 2025, 15 lived in a city, 39 in a town or suburb and 46 in the countryside.

cities towns and suburbs rural areas

Nearly everyone has electricity at home (2024). 10.2 of every 100 do not use the internet (2024).

How to read this: 100 squares, one for every 100th person, coloured by where they live, as the key says. The same rule is used in every country.

How the world's people live

SVK · adults 25 and over · 2020

How far people in Slovakia went in school

Almost every adult in Slovakia went to school: of every 100 in 2020, 89 finished upper secondary or went further.

11 finished lower secondary 65 finished upper secondary 24 studied after school

Its people aged 15 to 64 were most numerous in 2020, the first year counted, and are never as many again in the middle projection; nor are the ones who finished upper secondary.

How to read this: the row is the adults (25 and over) shrunk to 100 people, coloured by how far each went in school, least schooling on the left. The Wittgenstein Centre's count, 2020.

How far the world's people went in school

SVK · cities · 2025

Cities in Slovakia

Slovakia had 7 cities in 2025, home to 815,889 people. The largest, Bratislava, holds 5 of every 100 people in Slovakia.

Bratislava288,533
Košice216,740
Prešov76,161
Žilina65,278
Banská Bystrica59,336
Trnava55,695
Nitra54,146

How to read this: one bar for each of the 7 largest cities, 2025, all on the same scale. "City" here means the built-up area the UN measures, not the boundary the city draws itself.

All the world's cities

Apparatus

Sources and method

Every figure on this page comes from the UN's World Population Prospects 2024: the annual country tables (estimates to 2023, projections with 95% intervals from 2024), and the population by single year of age and sex for the pyramid.

The censuses, surveys and registers behind the UN's estimates for Slovakia are listed, source by source, on the UN's own data sources page.

Sources: UN WPP 2024 · World Bank · UNHCR · country code lists · UN WUP 2025 · Wittgenstein Centre · WHO GHO · flag-icons · Natural Earth. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →

Checked before it was drawn

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries The pyramid for every year was checked against the published total. What that stamp counts, and what every page here has to pass before it can be built: how this site checks its figures.