Sub-region · UN WPP 2024

Eastern Europe population

Eastern Europe population now

283,441,238

A projection read at this second, not a count: the UN's totals for 1 January 2026 and 2027, joined by a straight line.

Mid-2023, UN estimate: 286,047,445

Year: 2026; projection · medium
Population, mid-2026: 283.705 million
Median age: 42.7
Aged 65+: 19.3%

Move through time, 1950–2100

2023 | 2024

male female projection · one cell = 50,000 people

How to read this: one row for each age, newborns at the bottom; men on the left, women on the right.

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries

AGG · 1950–2100 · in brief

Eastern Europe in numbers

In mid-2023 there were 286,047,445 people in Eastern Europe, and 3.5% of the world's people. That is 1.3 times its 1950 population of 221 million. It covers 10 countries and areas; the largest are Russia (50.8%), Poland (13.6%), Ukraine (13.2%), Romania (6.7%) and Czechia (3.8%).

Its population peaked in 1991 at 312 million and has been falling since. The UN's medium projection has 200 million in 2100.

Since 1992, more people have died here each year than have been born, and the UN's projection has that holding every year to 2100.

The median age was 25.6 in 1950 and 41.7 in 2023; the projection has 48.9 in 2100. 17.9% of people were 65 or older in 2023, against 30.1% projected for 2100. The working-age population (15–64) peaked in 2003 at 211 million; in 2023 it was 188 million.

Population, mid-2023: 286,047,445
Share of the world, 2023: 3.5%
Change in a year, mid-2022 to mid-2023: −1.04% · −3,003,532 people
Births, 2023: 2,401,148
Deaths, 2023: 3,521,753
Net migration, 2023: −284,682
Children per woman, 2023: 1.39
Median age, 2023: 41.7 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2023: 74.6 years
Population, mid-1950: 220,505,490
Projected, mid-2050: 255,659,220
Projected, mid-2100: 200,167,856

AGG · 1950–2100 · total population

Population, 1950–2100

estimates | projections0100 m200 m300 m400 m1950197520002025205020752100

estimate projection (medium). Every column stands for a single year, counted on 1 January, and the paper rules slice it into cells of equal size.

Show the numbers: Eastern Europe, 1950–2100

Eastern Europe: population on 1 January, births, deaths, fertility and life expectancy, 1950–2100
Year	Kind	Population, 1 Jan	Births	Deaths	Children per woman	Life expectancy
1950	estimate	218,996,374	5,795,087	2,784,943	2.90	57.9
1951	estimate	222,014,607	5,859,582	2,805,492	2.89	58.0
1952	estimate	225,031,589	5,855,800	2,691,445	2.85	59.6
1953	estimate	228,110,262	5,853,394	2,600,081	2.83	60.8
1954	estimate	231,260,020	5,874,104	2,518,432	2.83	61.8
1955	estimate	234,621,827	5,858,308	2,388,540	2.81	63.3
1956	estimate	238,057,130	5,778,251	2,179,033	2.75	65.7
1957	estimate	241,416,629	5,753,213	2,202,314	2.71	65.8
1958	estimate	245,054,354	5,721,992	2,103,136	2.65	67.0
1959	estimate	248,690,090	5,661,488	2,124,176	2.60	67.2
1960	estimate	251,812,213	5,569,589	2,052,439	2.56	68.1
1961	estimate	255,076,202	5,320,246	2,043,290	2.46	68.7
1962	estimate	258,112,076	5,007,027	2,100,568	2.35	68.7
1963	estimate	260,765,462	4,790,919	2,062,209	2.30	69.2
1964	estimate	263,287,402	4,473,370	2,059,340	2.20	69.6
1965	estimate	265,531,430	4,240,155	2,126,441	2.14	69.6
1966	estimate	267,476,224	4,169,788	2,159,790	2.13	69.7
1967	estimate	269,407,674	4,293,856	2,245,821	2.21	69.5
1968	estimate	271,424,911	4,264,880	2,322,267	2.18	69.3
1969	estimate	273,402,997	4,251,426	2,445,095	2.15	69.0
1970	estimate	275,231,613	4,322,802	2,496,057	2.14	69.1
1971	estimate	276,716,900	4,431,707	2,530,403	2.14	69.3
1972	estimate	278,580,935	4,522,340	2,568,598	2.14	69.5
1973	estimate	280,502,261	4,545,449	2,622,234	2.11	69.5
1974	estimate	282,346,398	4,769,160	2,689,575	2.16	69.5
1975	estimate	284,382,660	4,817,892	2,798,800	2.14	69.2
1976	estimate	286,424,865	4,875,302	2,867,906	2.13	69.1
1977	estimate	288,518,324	4,869,208	2,958,337	2.09	68.9
1978	estimate	290,444,827	4,871,673	3,032,832	2.06	68.9
1979	estimate	292,193,416	4,875,078	3,127,730	2.04	68.8
1980	estimate	293,900,329	4,857,787	3,210,698	2.02	68.7
1981	estimate	295,535,492	4,838,967	3,226,725	2.02	68.8
1982	estimate	297,171,847	4,943,092	3,220,349	2.06	69.2
1983	estimate	298,940,926	5,143,529	3,316,682	2.15	69.1
1984	estimate	300,928,171	5,078,189	3,412,407	2.13	68.9
1985	estimate	302,770,541	4,999,259	3,412,165	2.12	69.3
1986	estimate	304,534,617	5,093,694	3,265,543	2.19	70.2
1987	estimate	306,518,572	5,030,437	3,299,381	2.19	70.3
1988	estimate	308,384,811	4,827,119	3,358,677	2.13	70.3
1989	estimate	310,014,017	4,528,636	3,402,241	2.02	70.1
1990	estimate	311,023,811	4,232,412	3,522,379	1.91	69.8
1991	estimate	311,851,667	3,944,082	3,607,850	1.80	69.6
1992	estimate	312,215,383	3,620,645	3,788,171	1.66	68.9
1993	estimate	311,001,466	3,316,543	4,156,974	1.52	67.5
1994	estimate	310,563,336	3,223,079	4,364,287	1.48	66.7
1995	estimate	310,365,359	3,064,888	4,351,083	1.40	66.8
1996	estimate	309,510,027	2,942,601	4,216,112	1.34	67.5
1997	estimate	308,521,261	2,846,726	4,097,239	1.29	68.3
1998	estimate	307,526,566	2,806,221	4,041,733	1.27	68.6
1999	estimate	306,585,485	2,706,532	4,198,938	1.22	68.1
2000	estimate	305,227,457	2,716,889	4,268,744	1.22	67.8
2001	estimate	303,998,497	2,730,598	4,286,105	1.22	67.9
2002	estimate	302,453,030	2,813,147	4,385,591	1.25	67.8
2003	estimate	302,047,266	2,915,750	4,440,921	1.28	67.8
2004	estimate	300,639,567	2,979,972	4,366,537	1.30	68.0
2005	estimate	299,330,157	2,968,030	4,360,661	1.29	68.2
2006	estimate	297,860,477	3,047,971	4,183,045	1.33	69.0
2007	estimate	296,918,655	3,226,519	4,077,909	1.41	69.6
2008	estimate	296,208,823	3,421,496	4,042,143	1.49	70.0
2009	estimate	295,719,544	3,488,631	3,955,635	1.53	70.7
2010	estimate	295,442,332	3,473,893	4,000,156	1.53	70.7
2011	estimate	295,185,168	3,428,375	3,808,992	1.52	71.7
2012	estimate	294,999,987	3,542,017	3,788,737	1.59	72.0
2013	estimate	294,997,914	3,494,182	3,722,115	1.59	72.5
2014	estimate	295,005,628	3,508,103	3,719,877	1.62	72.7
2015	estimate	294,925,311	3,461,091	3,687,065	1.63	73.1
2016	estimate	295,006,139	3,421,165	3,627,461	1.64	73.6
2017	estimate	295,133,571	3,193,375	3,559,421	1.56	74.2
2018	estimate	295,055,968	3,041,236	3,633,597	1.52	74.2
2019	estimate	294,750,246	2,875,466	3,616,507	1.47	74.4
2020	estimate	294,284,252	2,787,315	4,210,857	1.46	72.9
2021	estimate	293,162,009	2,688,731	4,757,069	1.45	71.6
2022	estimate	291,351,866	2,471,647	3,767,993	1.37	73.9
2023	estimate	286,750,088	2,401,148	3,521,753	1.39	74.6
2024	estimate	285,344,802	2,351,462	3,615,791	1.40	74.9
2025	projection	284,661,261	2,312,468	3,626,008	1.40	75.1
2026	projection	284,242,749	2,279,798	3,637,493	1.40	75.3
2027	projection	283,167,193	2,248,926	3,646,028	1.41	75.5
2028	projection	282,037,098	2,224,746	3,658,567	1.41	75.6
2029	projection	280,875,206	2,205,846	3,670,777	1.41	75.8
2030	projection	279,677,832	2,196,080	3,681,247	1.42	76.0
2031	projection	278,458,218	2,191,761	3,695,724	1.42	76.1
2032	projection	277,197,695	2,196,824	3,711,256	1.42	76.3
2033	projection	275,956,346	2,208,560	3,726,740	1.43	76.5
2034	projection	274,716,807	2,225,603	3,742,704	1.43	76.6
2035	projection	273,481,352	2,245,583	3,758,983	1.44	76.8
2036	projection	272,251,829	2,271,731	3,771,816	1.44	77.0
2037	projection	271,028,629	2,296,728	3,786,573	1.44	77.1
2038	projection	269,809,802	2,324,352	3,799,514	1.45	77.3
2039	projection	268,614,700	2,350,867	3,812,457	1.45	77.5
2040	projection	267,424,633	2,376,533	3,822,609	1.46	77.6
2041	projection	266,275,107	2,399,407	3,829,100	1.46	77.8
2042	projection	265,135,198	2,418,069	3,833,948	1.46	78.0
2043	projection	264,022,624	2,432,625	3,836,065	1.47	78.2
2044	projection	262,908,060	2,434,800	3,834,426	1.47	78.3
2045	projection	261,813,685	2,428,098	3,828,507	1.48	78.5
2046	projection	260,730,150	2,413,766	3,820,888	1.48	78.6
2047	projection	259,651,240	2,389,703	3,811,514	1.48	78.8
2048	projection	258,541,111	2,357,333	3,796,161	1.49	79.0
2049	projection	257,410,587	2,318,303	3,780,246	1.49	79.1
2050	projection	256,253,038	2,274,508	3,763,633	1.49	79.3
2051	projection	255,065,402	2,226,753	3,745,613	1.50	79.4
2052	projection	253,844,665	2,177,468	3,725,834	1.50	79.6
2053	projection	252,611,174	2,130,342	3,706,821	1.50	79.7
2054	projection	251,310,733	2,085,609	3,689,965	1.50	79.9
2055	projection	249,993,608	2,042,909	3,672,546	1.50	80.0
2056	projection	248,637,948	2,004,688	3,658,243	1.51	80.2
2057	projection	247,276,667	1,973,480	3,645,658	1.51	80.3
2058	projection	245,909,582	1,946,120	3,633,333	1.51	80.5
2059	projection	244,508,598	1,923,879	3,624,578	1.51	80.6
2060	projection	243,101,192	1,907,420	3,615,908	1.52	80.8
2061	projection	241,719,533	1,896,077	3,609,161	1.52	80.9
2062	projection	240,307,331	1,890,513	3,603,771	1.52	81.1
2063	projection	238,910,841	1,888,362	3,598,390	1.52	81.2
2064	projection	237,495,095	1,890,644	3,592,542	1.53	81.3
2065	projection	236,085,864	1,897,281	3,586,661	1.53	81.5
2066	projection	234,681,756	1,902,508	3,581,998	1.53	81.6
2067	projection	233,305,537	1,911,376	3,575,162	1.53	81.8
2068	projection	231,959,491	1,921,176	3,565,787	1.53	81.9
2069	projection	230,626,620	1,932,254	3,554,221	1.53	82.0
2070	projection	229,289,461	1,942,287	3,540,617	1.53	82.2
2071	projection	227,975,973	1,951,048	3,522,702	1.54	82.3
2072	projection	226,667,275	1,958,095	3,502,398	1.54	82.5
2073	projection	225,423,783	1,964,963	3,478,519	1.54	82.6
2074	projection	224,202,334	1,969,135	3,451,069	1.54	82.7
2075	projection	223,011,125	1,966,161	3,420,152	1.54	82.9
2076	projection	221,850,181	1,961,968	3,385,088	1.54	83.0
2077	projection	220,734,816	1,957,150	3,348,291	1.55	83.1
2078	projection	219,627,021	1,945,759	3,308,850	1.55	83.3
2079	projection	218,553,226	1,932,695	3,267,588	1.55	83.4
2080	projection	217,511,357	1,917,881	3,223,274	1.55	83.5
2081	projection	216,508,266	1,899,915	3,177,884	1.55	83.6
2082	projection	215,535,726	1,880,066	3,131,816	1.55	83.8
2083	projection	214,579,544	1,858,727	3,085,123	1.55	83.9
2084	projection	213,648,882	1,836,100	3,038,234	1.55	84.0
2085	projection	212,734,085	1,813,619	2,992,698	1.56	84.1
2086	projection	211,834,416	1,792,298	2,949,053	1.56	84.3
2087	projection	210,955,491	1,772,167	2,907,578	1.56	84.4
2088	projection	210,113,710	1,753,902	2,869,303	1.56	84.5
2089	projection	209,285,027	1,736,327	2,835,544	1.56	84.6
2090	projection	208,466,412	1,722,405	2,807,686	1.56	84.7
2091	projection	207,655,332	1,709,499	2,784,059	1.56	84.9
2092	projection	206,864,281	1,699,318	2,765,419	1.56	85.0
2093	projection	206,055,613	1,689,054	2,752,515	1.56	85.1
2094	projection	205,273,499	1,683,922	2,744,325	1.57	85.2
2095	projection	204,503,687	1,680,950	2,739,929	1.57	85.3
2096	projection	203,726,510	1,680,152	2,738,680	1.57	85.4
2097	projection	202,931,197	1,680,070	2,739,950	1.57	85.6
2098	projection	202,154,334	1,681,987	2,742,097	1.57	85.7
2099	projection	201,358,706	1,682,786	2,745,757	1.57	85.8
2100	projection	200,563,785	1,686,250	2,748,079	1.57	85.9

AGG · members

Countries and areas in Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe: member countries and areas, population mid-2023, share of the group and projected mid-2100
#	Country or area	Mid-2023	Share	Mid-2100, projected
1	Russia	145,440,501	50.8%	126,386,516
2	Poland	38,762,844	13.6%	19,329,838
3	Ukraine	37,732,836	13.2%	15,197,403
4	Romania	19,118,478	6.7%	10,768,185
5	Czechia	10,809,716	3.8%	8,228,075
6	Hungary	9,686,464	3.4%	7,460,742
7	Belarus	9,115,680	3.2%	4,350,962
8	Bulgaria	6,795,803	2.4%	3,531,198
9	Slovakia	5,518,054	1.9%	3,427,216
10	Moldova	3,067,070	1.1%	1,487,721

Show the numbers: Eastern Europe, mid-2026, by single year of age

Eastern Europe: population by single year of age, mid-2026
Age	Male	Female
0	1,182,510	1,120,360
1	1,207,740	1,145,780
2	1,232,110	1,168,570
3	1,257,120	1,191,580
4	1,324,600	1,255,800
5	1,403,000	1,329,850
6	1,451,300	1,375,600
7	1,513,430	1,434,790
8	1,584,890	1,502,470
9	1,682,360	1,594,230
10	1,758,030	1,664,550
11	1,776,080	1,681,610
12	1,779,590	1,687,020
13	1,786,630	1,693,250
14	1,764,470	1,671,810
15	1,703,720	1,618,460
16	1,692,030	1,610,230
17	1,707,300	1,627,520
18	1,669,330	1,594,420
19	1,595,800	1,527,810
20	1,547,980	1,488,150
21	1,535,750	1,478,840
22	1,521,390	1,465,330
23	1,487,850	1,433,800
24	1,441,210	1,389,270
25	1,432,450	1,380,910
26	1,429,920	1,380,330
27	1,431,790	1,385,790
28	1,450,720	1,405,220
29	1,483,580	1,436,040
30	1,554,420	1,505,000
31	1,628,330	1,574,160
32	1,691,940	1,635,630
33	1,796,950	1,744,870
34	1,947,990	1,893,090
35	2,109,660	2,056,520
36	2,226,690	2,183,190
37	2,308,540	2,261,240
38	2,392,620	2,347,770
39	2,420,020	2,395,130
40	2,390,360	2,386,750
41	2,338,900	2,349,010
42	2,322,070	2,331,970
43	2,273,720	2,287,970
44	2,143,070	2,183,280
45	2,150,790	2,217,980
46	2,184,160	2,260,980
47	2,114,490	2,205,070
48	2,060,140	2,173,830
49	2,031,940	2,159,800
50	2,020,940	2,170,670
51	1,977,920	2,144,000
52	1,881,520	2,060,320
53	1,806,100	2,001,840
54	1,765,380	1,971,620
55	1,779,710	1,964,940
56	1,771,920	1,935,960
57	1,653,430	1,867,780
58	1,583,880	1,834,580
59	1,536,100	1,798,520
60	1,521,240	1,817,220
61	1,563,110	1,897,530
62	1,582,690	1,954,900
63	1,594,290	1,984,710
64	1,586,130	2,043,210
65	1,590,990	2,128,840
66	1,562,070	2,157,060
67	1,486,670	2,112,240
68	1,432,990	2,071,780
69	1,371,470	2,043,500
70	1,305,400	2,010,480
71	1,240,220	1,973,040
72	1,135,550	1,862,920
73	1,052,480	1,779,060
74	992,325	1,728,200
75	924,348	1,650,300
76	877,254	1,613,810
77	756,904	1,429,280
78	643,501	1,247,710
79	560,602	1,128,270
80	419,086	864,175
81	320,090	674,186
82	266,733	580,889
83	251,871	585,602
84	268,023	678,216
85	266,476	712,518
86	247,931	692,784
87	218,058	640,283
88	189,724	571,854
89	151,258	463,196
90	112,062	347,903
91	80,450	254,319
92	57,612	187,558
93	47,529	162,534
94	38,822	137,968
95	29,422	106,692
96	21,778	82,534
97	15,370	61,737
98	10,204	42,510
99	6,439	28,359
100+	8,007	46,705

AGG · 1950–2100 · every age, every year

Eastern Europe, every age in every year

Each column is a year and each row an age; the denser the ink in a cell, the more people. Everyone born in the same year climbs one 45° diagonal, so famines, baby booms and migration show up as streaks. Select a cell to follow its generation.

AGG · ages 15–64

Who does the work in Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe had the most working-age people it is ever expected to have in 2003: 211,350,000 people aged 15–64, against 187,933,000 in 2023.

100 aged 15–64

25 children

27 aged 65+

aged 15–64 children under 15 aged 65 and over

How to read this: one orange square for each of 100 people aged 15–64 in 2023. Beneath them, teal for the children living alongside those 100 and violet for the people aged 65 or older.

Fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 in 39 years: 1973–1979, 1981–1987 and 1995–2019.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100 the same, projected 50 or more

How to read this: 1950 on the left, 2100 on the right; coloured in the years with fewer than 50 dependants per 100 working-age people, grey in the rest, hatched where that is a projection.

How every country compares

AGG · arrivals minus departures

Who arrives in Eastern Europe, and who leaves

In 2020–2025 Eastern Europe loses 430,591 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 20–24, at 62,167 a year more arriving than leaving.

one square = 10,000 people a year

020406080+

more arrive than leave more leave than arrive

How to read this: each column is one age, youngest on the left. Above the line, in blue, are the ages gaining people; below it, in orange, the ages losing them. This is the UN's projection for 2020–2025 — the record of migration by age does not go back beyond 2020.

In the years that were counted, 1950–2023, the most it gained in one year was 1,166,724 (2002) and the most it lost was 3,305,420 (2022).

This is a group of countries, so its figure counts only moves across its own outer edge: someone moving from one country inside it to another does not appear.

How migration works everywhere

AGG · births by the mother's age · 1950–2100

Who has the babies in Eastern Europe

Of every 100 babies born in Eastern Europe in 2023, 4 had a mother under 20, 74 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 22 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 5 under 20 and 17 aged 35 or older.

1950
5 · 78 · 17

2023
4 · 74 · 22

2050 · projected
1 · 72 · 27

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: shrink a year's babies to 100 and colour each one by the age of its mother — that is a block. Under it, the same three groups as numbers, starting with the youngest mothers.

Babies born, 2023: 2,401,148
Average age when women have a baby: 28.9 years; 28.8 in 1950
Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19: 14; 30 in 1950

Babies by the mother's age, 1950–2100

Babies born in Eastern Europe by the mother's age
Mother's age	1950	1975	2000	2023	2050 projected	2100 projected
10–14	1,246	1,324	2,223	1,703	198	166
15–19	309,678	521,701	322,518	103,115	26,954	23,987
20–24	1,913,836	2,116,699	1,045,876	412,059	195,328	179,952
25–29	1,784,319	1,300,099	789,217	660,819	595,454	498,448
30–34	800,084	468,504	377,068	697,945	845,589	588,877
35–39	672,418	332,994	144,565	425,586	494,588	313,176
40–44	292,206	69,643	33,385	92,231	108,226	74,669
45–49	20,921	6,138	1,733	7,394	8,047	6,869
50–54	379	790	304	296	124	106
All babies	5,795,087	4,817,892	2,716,889	2,401,148	2,274,508	1,686,250

The UN's births for each year, split by the mother's age in the UN's own proportions.

Apparatus

Sources and method

Every figure on this page comes from the UN's World Population Prospects 2024: the annual tables for regions and groups (estimates to 2023, then the medium projection), and the population by single year of age and sex for the pyramid.

Sources: UN WPP 2024 · World Bank · UN WUP 2025 · Maddison Project 2020 · flag-icons. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →

Checked before it was drawn

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries The 10 countries listed were summed and checked against the UN's total for every year. The pyramid for every year was checked against the published total. What that stamp counts, and what every page here has to pass before it can be built: how this site checks its figures.