Eswatini population

On the UN's projection, Eswatini will have the most working-age people it ever has in 2063: 1,044,330 people aged 15–64. In 2023 it had 765,180.

aged 15–64   children under 15   aged 65 and over

How to read this: one orange square for each of 100 people aged 15–64 in 2023. Beneath them, teal for the children living alongside those 100 and violet for the people aged 65 or older.

Fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 in 41 years: 2038–2078.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100   the same, projected   50 or more

How to read this: one stripe a year from 1950 to 2100. A stripe takes colour in a year when fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people of working age, and stays grey otherwise; hatching means the year is projected.

How every country compares

In 2020–2025 Eswatini loses 6,620 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 20–24, at 1,261 a year more leaving than arriving.

more arrive than leave   more leave than arrive

How to read this: each column is one age, youngest on the left. Above the line, in blue, are the ages gaining people; below it, in orange, the ages losing them. This is the UN's projection for 2020–2025 — the record of migration by age does not go back beyond 2020.

Across the counted years, 1950 to 2023, its biggest single-year gain was 14,879 (1988); its biggest loss, 48,259 (1994).

In 2024, 33,268 people living in Eswatini had been born in another country, 3 of every 100 people there, against 9 in 1990.

How migration works everywhere

Of every 100 babies born in Eswatini in 2023, 15 had a mother under 20, 71 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 14 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 16 under 20 and 18 aged 35 or older.

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: shrink a year's babies to 100 and colour each one by the age of its mother — that is a block. Under it, the same three groups as numbers, starting with the youngest mothers.

Babies born, 2023

29,622

Average age when women have a baby

27.9 years

29.4 in 1950

Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19

69

142 in 1950

At the end of 2025, Eswatini was hosting 4,925 people who had crossed a border into it, about 4 of every 1,000 people living there.

1. hosted from abroad4,925
2. Eswatini nationals abroad692

stayed inside their own country   crossed a border

How to read this: one square stands for 100 people, so the rows can be compared with one another. The last row is people from Eswatini living in another country, wherever they are.

In 2025, 1,316 people asked for asylum in Eswatini for the first time; 180 people from Eswatini asked for asylum in another country. Of every 100 people from Eswatini whose claims were decided that year, 34 were given protection. Who asks for asylum, and who is given it

How the world's displacement is counted

Of every 100 people in Eswatini in 2025, 7 lived in a city, 17 in a town or suburb and 76 in the countryside.

How to read this: one square for every hundredth person, coloured as the key shows. Because the rule behind the colours is the same everywhere, two countries' squares can be compared directly.

How the world's people live

Of every 100 adults in Eswatini in 2020, 10 never went to school and 31 finished upper secondary or went further.

Among women, 2.6 of every 100 aged 25–29 never went to school, against 24 of every 100 aged 60–64; among men, 3.3 against 20.4.

Its people aged 15 to 64 are projected to be most numerous in 2055; the ones who finished upper secondary are most numerous later, in 2085.

How to read this: every adult here as one of 100 squares. The stronger the colour, the further that person went in school (the Wittgenstein Centre, 2020).

How far the world's people went in school

Eswatini had 1 city in 2025, home to 94,145 people.

1. Manzini94,145

How to read this: one bar for the city, 2025, all on the same scale. "City" here means the built-up area the UN measures, not the boundary the city draws itself.

All the world's cities