Country or area · Central Asia · Asia · UN WPP 2024

Turkmenistan population

Turkmenistan population now

7,764,697

A projection read at this second, not a count: the UN's totals for 1 January 2026 and 2027, joined by a straight line. 95% range for 31 December 2026: 7.7–7.9 million.

Mid-2023, UN estimate: 7,364,438

Year: 2026; projection · medium
Population, mid-2026: 7.73664 million; 95% range, 31 Dec: 7.7–7.9 million
Median age: 28.3
Aged 65+: 5.1%

Move through time, 1950–2100

2023 | 2024 peak 2079

male female projection · one cell = 2,000 people

How to read this: one row for each age, newborns at the bottom; men on the left, women on the right.

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries

TKM · 1950–2100 · in brief

Turkmenistan in numbers

The UN counts 7,364,438 people in Turkmenistan in mid-2023, which makes it the 105th-largest population of the 236 countries and areas the UN reports, and 0.09% of the world's people. That is 5.8 times its 1950 population of 1.3 million.

The UN's medium projection has it peaking in 2079 at 10.3 million, then falling to 9.9 million by 2100. The projection is uncertain: on 1 January 2100 the UN's 95% range runs from 5.7 million to 18.2 million.

Births stay ahead of deaths until 2081; in the medium projection, deaths are ahead every year after it.

The median age was 22.3 in 1950 and 27.2 in 2023; the projection has 45.0 in 2100. 4.3% of people were 65 or older in 2023, against 23.0% projected for 2100. The working-age population (15–64) is projected to peak in 2073 at 6.8 million.

Its place in the world by population: 105th in 2023, 101st in 2050, 102nd in 2100. In the medium projection it overtakes Hong Kong in 2024, Belarus in 2034 and Austria in 2041. It is overtaken by the Republic of the Congo in 2039, the Central African Republic in 2044 and Kyrgyzstan in 2050.

Population, mid-2023: 7,364,438
Rank by population, 2023: 105 of 236
Share of the world, 2023: 0.09%
Change in a year, mid-2022 to mid-2023: +1.86% · +134,245 people
People per km² of land, 2023: 16
Land area, 2023: 469,930 km²
Births, 2023: 160,100
Deaths, 2023: 42,575
Net migration, 2023: +15,005
Children per woman, 2023: 2.69
Median age, 2023: 27.2 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2023: 70.1 years
In a city, 2025: 32 of every 100
Population, mid-1950: 1,269,180
Projected, mid-2050: 9,639,708
Projected, mid-2100: 9,946,598

TKM · 1950–2100 · total population

Population, 1950–2100

peak 2079estimates | projections05 m10 m15 m20 m1950197520002025205020752100

estimate projection, up to the bottom of the 95% range 95% range medium projection. Each column is the population on 1 January of one year; the paper rules cut it into equal cells.

Show the numbers: Turkmenistan, 1950–2100

Turkmenistan: population on 1 January, births, deaths, fertility and life expectancy, 1950–2100
Year	Kind	Population, 1 Jan	95% range	Births	Deaths	Children per woman	Life expectancy
1950	estimate	1,257,180		49,519	23,880	5.26	48.1
1951	estimate	1,281,180		50,387	24,299	5.25	48.6
1952	estimate	1,306,971		51,439	24,574	5.25	49.0
1953	estimate	1,334,099		55,647	25,085	5.57	49.4
1954	estimate	1,365,254		58,947	25,631	5.77	49.8
1955	estimate	1,399,466		62,411	26,180	5.97	50.2
1956	estimate	1,436,861		66,046	26,712	6.16	50.6
1957	estimate	1,477,551		69,805	27,266	6.34	51.0
1958	estimate	1,521,565		73,569	27,802	6.50	51.4
1959	estimate	1,568,810		75,962	28,222	6.56	51.8
1960	estimate	1,618,031		77,958	28,524	6.59	52.1
1961	estimate	1,668,882		80,484	28,826	6.69	52.5
1962	estimate	1,721,919		82,305	29,058	6.76	52.9
1963	estimate	1,776,508		83,378	29,178	6.79	53.2
1964	estimate	1,832,036		83,751	29,178	6.79	53.6
1965	estimate	1,887,958		83,618	29,060	6.76	54.0
1966	estimate	1,943,873		83,207	28,855	6.70	54.4
1967	estimate	1,999,601		82,815	28,607	6.63	54.8
1968	estimate	2,055,206		82,695	28,372	6.56	55.3
1969	estimate	2,110,932		82,991	28,201	6.48	55.7
1970	estimate	2,167,116		83,769	28,152	6.40	56.0
1971	estimate	2,224,116		84,879	28,214	6.32	56.4
1972	estimate	2,282,123		85,662	28,337	6.20	56.6
1973	estimate	2,340,737		87,737	28,569	6.15	56.8
1974	estimate	2,401,102		89,813	28,887	6.09	57.0
1975	estimate	2,462,953		91,909	29,230	6.00	57.2
1976	estimate	2,526,186		94,093	29,580	5.90	57.5
1977	estimate	2,590,857		96,212	29,895	5.77	57.7
1978	estimate	2,657,040		98,189	29,754	5.61	58.3
1979	estimate	2,725,136		100,426	29,294	5.46	59.1
1980	estimate	2,795,581		102,958	28,566	5.30	60.2
1981	estimate	2,868,825		106,029	28,201	5.16	61.0
1982	estimate	2,945,549		109,091	28,102	5.04	61.6
1983	estimate	3,025,566		113,476	28,294	4.97	62.0
1984	estimate	3,109,502		119,199	28,609	4.96	62.4
1985	estimate	3,198,657		124,738	28,849	4.97	62.8
1986	estimate	3,296,410		130,135	29,208	4.94	63.2
1987	estimate	3,399,207		133,380	29,494	4.84	63.5
1988	estimate	3,506,254		134,646	29,846	4.67	63.7
1989	estimate	3,612,471		133,654	30,100	4.46	63.8
1990	estimate	3,712,448		131,397	30,300	4.29	63.9
1991	estimate	3,808,676		129,938	30,642	4.14	63.8
1992	estimate	3,903,111		127,757	31,088	3.96	63.8
1993	estimate	3,986,266		124,154	31,557	3.78	63.6
1994	estimate	4,078,549		121,281	31,962	3.62	63.5
1995	estimate	4,154,775		118,510	32,223	3.49	63.5
1996	estimate	4,227,632		113,367	32,369	3.29	63.5
1997	estimate	4,300,006		111,529	32,481	3.18	63.7
1998	estimate	4,373,454		109,718	32,375	3.08	64.0
1999	estimate	4,447,559		108,318	31,955	2.98	64.5
2000	estimate	4,536,781		108,686	31,814	2.90	64.9
2001	estimate	4,628,573		108,504	31,821	2.81	65.3
2002	estimate	4,722,246		107,705	32,064	2.71	65.6
2003	estimate	4,816,684		109,170	32,430	2.67	65.8
2004	estimate	4,911,047		112,847	32,998	2.67	66.0
2005	estimate	5,005,139		117,536	33,568	2.71	66.3
2006	estimate	5,099,375		121,798	33,955	2.72	66.6
2007	estimate	5,194,836		126,056	34,020	2.73	67.0
2008	estimate	5,293,256		130,646	33,830	2.75	67.6
2009	estimate	5,396,802		136,588	33,661	2.79	68.2
2010	estimate	5,506,382		143,076	33,760	2.85	68.6
2011	estimate	5,622,330		149,461	34,264	2.90	68.9
2012	estimate	5,744,504		156,113	35,155	2.96	69.0
2013	estimate	5,872,587		162,445	36,230	3.01	69.0
2014	estimate	6,006,095		166,864	37,186	3.02	69.0
2015	estimate	6,144,471		170,720	38,056	3.03	69.1
2016	estimate	6,287,069		171,349	38,767	2.99	69.1
2017	estimate	6,433,013		170,953	39,536	2.93	69.2
2018	estimate	6,581,109		169,731	40,191	2.88	69.3
2019	estimate	6,729,939		169,003	40,728	2.83	69.4
2020	estimate	6,877,950		167,630	43,617	2.79	68.8
2021	estimate	7,021,874		165,586	42,862	2.75	69.3
2022	estimate	7,162,213		163,656	41,838	2.73	69.9
2023	estimate	7,298,173		160,100	42,575	2.69	70.1
2024	estimate	7,430,703		156,679	43,741	2.66	70.2
2025	projection	7,558,294	7.5–7.6 million	152,636	44,801	2.63	70.3
2026	projection	7,679,401	7.6–7.8 million	148,664	45,980	2.60	70.5
2027	projection	7,793,862	7.7–7.9 million	145,078	47,216	2.57	70.6
2028	projection	7,901,246	7.7–8.1 million	142,225	48,577	2.54	70.7
2029	projection	8,001,329	7.8–8.2 million	140,242	50,079	2.51	70.8
2030	projection	8,093,539	7.8–8.3 million	139,095	51,651	2.48	71.0
2031	projection	8,177,919	7.9–8.5 million	138,414	53,294	2.46	71.1
2032	projection	8,259,998	7.9–8.6 million	138,683	54,986	2.43	71.2
2033	projection	8,340,508	8.0–8.7 million	139,508	56,750	2.41	71.4
2034	projection	8,420,193	8.0–8.9 million	140,959	58,595	2.39	71.5
2035	projection	8,499,263	8.0–9.0 million	142,593	60,496	2.37	71.6
2036	projection	8,578,074	8.1–9.2 million	144,506	62,439	2.35	71.8
2037	projection	8,657,044	8.1–9.3 million	146,510	64,352	2.33	71.9
2038	projection	8,735,850	8.1–9.4 million	148,293	66,298	2.31	72.0
2039	projection	8,814,550	8.2–9.6 million	150,205	68,172	2.29	72.1
2040	projection	8,893,128	8.2–9.7 million	151,686	70,044	2.27	72.3
2041	projection	8,971,335	8.2–9.9 million	153,064	71,912	2.25	72.4
2042	projection	9,049,208	8.2–10.0 million	153,924	73,722	2.24	72.5
2043	projection	9,126,116	8.2–10.2 million	154,600	75,538	2.22	72.6
2044	projection	9,201,986	8.3–10.3 million	154,989	77,254	2.21	72.8
2045	projection	9,276,552	8.3–10.4 million	154,749	78,960	2.19	72.9
2046	projection	9,349,091	8.3–10.6 million	154,012	80,532	2.18	73.1
2047	projection	9,419,272	8.3–10.7 million	152,662	82,176	2.16	73.2
2048	projection	9,486,502	8.3–10.9 million	150,990	83,689	2.15	73.3
2049	projection	9,550,605	8.3–11.0 million	148,933	85,169	2.14	73.5
2050	projection	9,611,198	8.3–11.2 million	146,793	86,590	2.13	73.6
2051	projection	9,668,217	8.3–11.3 million	144,493	87,981	2.12	73.7
2052	projection	9,721,448	8.3–11.4 million	142,071	89,272	2.10	73.9
2053	projection	9,771,044	8.3–11.6 million	139,719	90,599	2.09	74.0
2054	projection	9,817,190	8.3–11.7 million	137,468	91,880	2.08	74.1
2055	projection	9,859,286	8.2–11.9 million	135,400	93,127	2.07	74.3
2056	projection	9,898,399	8.2–12.1 million	133,542	94,382	2.06	74.4
2057	projection	9,934,259	8.2–12.2 million	131,910	95,697	2.05	74.5
2058	projection	9,967,333	8.2–12.4 million	130,365	96,954	2.03	74.7
2059	projection	9,997,797	8.1–12.5 million	129,222	98,238	2.02	74.8
2060	projection	10,025,299	8.1–12.6 million	128,348	99,503	2.01	75.0
2061	projection	10,050,640	8.1–12.8 million	127,719	100,790	2.00	75.1
2062	projection	10,074,411	8.0–12.9 million	127,377	102,059	2.00	75.2
2063	projection	10,096,559	8.0–13.1 million	127,157	103,307	1.99	75.4
2064	projection	10,117,175	8.0–13.2 million	127,163	104,564	1.98	75.5
2065	projection	10,136,396	7.9–13.4 million	127,046	105,790	1.97	75.6
2066	projection	10,154,186	7.9–13.5 million	127,092	106,870	1.96	75.8
2067	projection	10,171,195	7.8–13.6 million	127,238	108,033	1.96	75.9
2068	projection	10,187,165	7.8–13.8 million	127,420	109,160	1.95	76.1
2069	projection	10,201,991	7.8–13.9 million	127,471	110,233	1.95	76.2
2070	projection	10,215,859	7.7–14.0 million	127,443	111,249	1.94	76.3
2071	projection	10,228,801	7.7–14.2 million	127,177	112,260	1.93	76.5
2072	projection	10,240,733	7.6–14.3 million	126,858	113,152	1.93	76.6
2073	projection	10,251,404	7.6–14.5 million	126,227	114,048	1.92	76.8
2074	projection	10,260,297	7.5–14.6 million	125,452	114,841	1.92	76.9
2075	projection	10,267,605	7.4–14.7 million	124,683	115,550	1.91	77.0
2076	projection	10,273,772	7.4–14.9 million	123,566	115,991	1.91	77.2
2077	projection	10,278,125	7.3–15.0 million	122,371	116,461	1.90	77.3
2078	projection	10,280,750	7.3–15.2 million	121,042	116,844	1.90	77.5
2079	projection	10,281,857	7.2–15.4 million	119,667	117,234	1.89	77.6
2080	projection	10,281,028	7.1–15.5 million	118,319	117,515	1.89	77.8
2081	projection	10,278,345	7.1–15.6 million	116,788	117,692	1.88	77.9
2082	projection	10,274,215	7.0–15.7 million	115,326	117,799	1.88	78.0
2083	projection	10,268,445	7.0–15.9 million	113,895	117,859	1.87	78.2
2084	projection	10,261,611	6.9–16.1 million	112,536	117,824	1.87	78.3
2085	projection	10,253,157	6.8–16.1 million	111,117	117,821	1.86	78.5
2086	projection	10,243,150	6.8–16.3 million	109,650	117,918	1.86	78.6
2087	projection	10,231,659	6.7–16.4 million	108,278	118,086	1.85	78.7
2088	projection	10,218,574	6.6–16.6 million	107,095	118,362	1.85	78.9
2089	projection	10,204,213	6.6–16.7 million	106,095	118,625	1.84	79.0
2090	projection	10,188,787	6.5–16.9 million	105,237	119,012	1.84	79.1
2091	projection	10,171,699	6.4–17.0 million	104,407	119,428	1.83	79.3
2092	projection	10,153,786	6.4–17.1 million	103,733	120,050	1.83	79.4
2093	projection	10,134,343	6.3–17.2 million	103,063	120,747	1.83	79.5
2094	projection	10,113,543	6.2–17.4 million	102,418	121,463	1.82	79.7
2095	projection	10,091,524	6.1–17.5 million	101,907	122,290	1.82	79.8
2096	projection	10,067,902	6.0–17.6 million	101,502	123,109	1.82	80.0
2097	projection	10,043,352	5.9–17.8 million	101,055	124,022	1.82	80.1
2098	projection	10,017,318	5.8–18.0 million	100,566	124,879	1.81	80.2
2099	projection	9,989,973	5.8–18.1 million	100,148	125,666	1.81	80.4
2100	projection	9,961,423	5.7–18.2 million	99,803	126,431	1.81	80.5

Show the numbers: Turkmenistan, mid-2026, by single year of age

Turkmenistan: population by single year of age, mid-2026
Age	Male	Female
0	75,778	71,610
1	77,434	73,281
2	79,043	74,874
3	80,522	76,342
4	81,664	77,324
5	82,362	77,968
6	83,420	79,230
7	84,603	80,599
8	85,246	81,386
9	85,255	81,576
10	84,615	81,178
11	83,324	80,198
12	81,385	78,639
13	78,820	76,496
14	75,732	73,722
15	72,214	70,256
16	68,244	66,046
17	63,769	61,030
18	58,876	55,334
19	54,364	50,101
20	51,078	46,510
21	49,236	44,810
22	48,940	45,108
23	50,124	47,274
24	52,304	50,520
25	54,934	53,994
26	57,804	57,403
27	60,872	60,707
28	64,067	63,850
29	66,868	66,438
30	68,761	68,109
31	69,638	68,792
32	69,494	68,484
33	68,450	67,304
34	66,866	65,637
35	65,120	63,876
36	63,327	62,141
37	61,460	60,402
38	59,537	58,677
39	57,540	56,940
40	55,386	55,092
41	53,082	53,132
42	50,634	51,070
43	48,100	48,974
44	45,675	47,092
45	43,565	45,673
46	41,844	44,772
47	40,508	44,366
48	39,522	44,402
49	38,768	44,612
50	38,098	44,676
51	37,471	44,510
52	36,898	44,136
53	36,328	43,547
54	35,626	42,689
55	34,668	41,519
56	33,366	40,037
57	31,682	38,260
58	29,694	36,254
59	27,671	34,266
60	25,871	32,546
61	24,350	31,150
62	23,091	30,068
63	22,035	29,240
64	20,972	28,377
65	19,699	27,182
66	18,182	25,599
67	16,428	23,632
68	14,492	21,348
69	12,560	19,023
70	10,790	16,919
71	9,231	15,101
72	7,883	13,574
73	6,732	12,298
74	5,716	11,126
75	4,762	9,912
76	3,843	8,611
77	2,990	7,266
78	2,218	5,922
79	1,568	4,724
80	1,070	3,802
81	732	3,176
82	549	2,844
83	492	2,752
84	483	2,725
85	524	2,598
86	562	2,348
87	530	2,008
88	456	1,617
89	362	1,229
90	269	891
91	192	630
92	136	442
93	96	314
94	68	226
95	47	159
96	31	108
97	20	70
98	12	44
99	7	26
100+	6	31

TKM · 1950–2100 · every age, every year

Turkmenistan, every age in every year

Each column is a year and each row an age; the denser the ink in a cell, the more people. Everyone born in the same year climbs one 45° diagonal, so famines, baby booms and migration show up as streaks. Select a cell to follow its generation.

TKM · ages 15–64

Who does the work in Turkmenistan

On the UN's projection, Turkmenistan will have the most working-age people it ever has in 2073: 6,758,350 people aged 15–64. In 2023 it had 4,717,450.

100 aged 15–64

49 children

7 aged 65+

aged 15–64 children under 15 aged 65 and over

How to read this: take 100 people of working age — the orange row — and the two rows under it are the children (teal) and the people of 65 and over (violet) who lived alongside them in 2023.

Fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 in 18 years: 2012–2015 and 2034–2047.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100 the same, projected 50 or more

How to read this: 1950 on the left, 2100 on the right; coloured in the years with fewer than 50 dependants per 100 working-age people, grey in the rest, hatched where that is a projection.

How every country compares

TKM · arrivals minus departures

Who arrives in Turkmenistan, and who leaves

In 2020–2025 Turkmenistan gains 15,600 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 25–29, at 4,020 a year more arriving than leaving.

one square = 500 people a year

020406080+

more arrive than leave more leave than arrive

How to read this: age runs left to right, babies to 100. A blue square above the line means arrivals outnumber departures at that age, an orange square below it means the opposite. The figures are the UN's projection for 2020–2025; nobody recorded migration by age before 2020.

In the years that were counted, 1950–2023, the most it gained in one year was 19,913 (2020) and the most it lost was 13,517 (1992).

In 2024, 193,763 people living in Turkmenistan had been born in another country, 3 of every 100 people there, against 8 in 1990.

How migration works everywhere

TKM · births by the mother's age · 1950–2100

Who has the babies in Turkmenistan

Of every 100 babies born in Turkmenistan in 2023, 3 had a mother under 20, 87 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 10 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 6 under 20 and 26 aged 35 or older.

1950
6 · 68 · 26

2023
3 · 87 · 10

2050 · projected
3 · 85 · 12

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: one block a year, 100 squares in each, a square for every hundredth baby. The colour is the mother's age group, and the three numbers underneath are those groups in order, youngest first.

Babies born, 2023: 160,100
Average age when women have a baby: 27.8 years; 30.6 in 1950
Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19: 21; 43 in 1950

Babies by the mother's age, 1950–2100

Babies born in Turkmenistan by the mother's age
Mother's age	1950	1975	2000	2023	2050 projected	2100 projected
10–14	17	26	2	1	1	1
15–19	2,842	3,689	6,089	5,258	4,736	2,494
20–24	13,800	29,765	38,431	45,333	42,271	18,725
25–29	11,852	21,804	35,769	57,018	43,267	28,096
30–34	8,002	14,676	19,366	36,434	38,560	31,945
35–39	8,348	14,228	7,585	13,364	15,222	14,947
40–44	3,899	6,596	1,362	2,557	2,308	2,982
45–49	728	1,077	69	115	285	484
50–54	31	48	13	20	143	129
All babies	49,519	91,909	108,686	160,100	146,793	99,803

The UN's births for each year, split by the mother's age in the UN's own proportions.

TKM · healthy years · 2021

Years in good health in Turkmenistan

A baby born in Turkmenistan in 2021 could expect 69.1 years of life, 60.8 of them in full health (95% range 59.9–61.8). The years in less than full health come to 8.3, below the world's 9.5: shorter lives leave fewer years in which to be ill.

Women

62.8 in full health, 9.7 not: 72.5 years

Men

58.8 in full health, 6.9 not: 65.7 years

a year in full health a year in less than full health

How to read this: each square is a year of life, each row ten years; filled squares are years in full health, rounded to whole years.

Women: 62.8 healthy years of 72.5. Men: 58.8 of 65.7.

TKM · forced from home · end of 2025

Displacement in Turkmenistan

At the end of 2025, Turkmenistan was hosting 3,209 people who had crossed a border into it, about 0.4 of every 1,000 people living there.

hosted from abroad3,209
Turkmenistan nationals abroad3,527

stayed inside their own country crossed a border

How to read this: each square is 100 people, so the rows can be compared with one another. The last row is people from Turkmenistan living in another country, wherever they are.

In 2025, 613 people from Turkmenistan asked for asylum in another country. Of every 100 people from Turkmenistan whose claims were decided that year, 35 were given protection. Who asks for asylum, and who is given it

How the world's displacement is counted

TKM · of every 100 people

How people live in Turkmenistan

Of every 100 people in Turkmenistan in 2025, 32 lived in a city, 46 in a town or suburb and 22 in the countryside.

cities towns and suburbs rural areas

Nearly everyone has electricity at home (2024).

How to read this: everyone here, shrunk to 100 squares, with the colour saying whether that hundredth person lives in a city, a town or the countryside. Every country is measured by the same rule.

How the world's people live

TKM · adults 25 and over · 2020

How far people in Turkmenistan went in school

Almost every adult in Turkmenistan went to school: of every 100 in 2020, 94 finished upper secondary or went further.

1 finished primary 5 finished lower secondary 79 finished upper secondary 15 studied after school

Its people aged 15 to 64, and the ones among them who finished upper secondary, are projected to be most numerous in the same year, 2075.

How to read this: 100 squares, one for every hundredth adult aged 25 or over, from least schooling on the left to most on the right. Counted by the Wittgenstein Centre for 2020.

How far the world's people went in school

TKM · cities · 2025

Cities in Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan had 11 cities in 2025, home to 2.5 million people. The largest, Ashgabat, holds 16 of every 100 people in Turkmenistan.

Ashgabat1,218,323
Mary280,172
Turkmenabat246,914
Dashoguz211,569
Balkanabat97,420
Andalyp86,612
Yasmansalyk83,248
Turkmenbashy66,210
Gyzylarbat65,593
Konye-Urgench63,426

How to read this: one bar for each of the 10 largest cities, 2025, all on the same scale. "City" here means the built-up area the UN measures, not the boundary the city draws itself.

All the world's cities

Apparatus

Sources and method

Every figure on this page comes from the UN's World Population Prospects 2024: the annual country tables (estimates to 2023, projections with 95% intervals from 2024), and the population by single year of age and sex for the pyramid.

The censuses, surveys and registers behind the UN's estimates for Turkmenistan are listed, source by source, on the UN's own data sources page.

Sources: UN WPP 2024 · World Bank · UNHCR · country code lists · UN WUP 2025 · Wittgenstein Centre · WHO GHO · flag-icons · Natural Earth. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →

Checked before it was drawn

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries The pyramid for every year was checked against the published total. What that stamp counts, and what every page here has to pass before it can be built: how this site checks its figures.