Compare · UN World Population Prospects 2024

Madagascar and Ukraine, side by side

Madagascar in 2026: half the people are older than 20. Ukraine: half are older than 43.

UN estimates for mid-2023: Madagascar 31,195,932 people · Ukraine 37,732,836

Madagascar 33.5 million people Half are older than 20 3 in 100 are 65 or older

Ukraine 39.5 million people Half are older than 43 19 in 100 are 65 or older

How to read this: each pyramid stacks a place’s people by age — babies at the bottom, the oldest at the top, men on the left and women on the right. A wide bottom means many children; a wide top means many older people.

Compare shapes Compare sizes

Each bar is a share of its own place’s people, so a small country and a large one can be read side by side.

Year 2026 · UN projection

estimatesprojections

men women projected

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries

MDG × UKR · 2026 · age groups

If each place were 100 people

Shrink each population to 100 people and count them. Dots are children under 15, filled squares are people aged 15 to 64, and open squares are people 65 and over. The picture follows the year slider above.

Madagascar

Children, under 15: 39
Aged 15 to 64: 58
Aged 65 and over: 3

Ukraine

Children, under 15: 13
Aged 15 to 64: 68
Aged 65 and over: 19

MDG × UKR · families and lifetimes

Children, and how long lives last

At today's rates, a woman in Madagascar would have about 3.8 children in her lifetime. In Ukraine, about 1.0. Around 2.1 children per woman keeps a population the same size over time, leaving migration aside. A baby born in Madagascar this year can expect to live about 64 years. In Ukraine, about 75.

Children per woman, 2026

Each figure is one child: how many children a woman would have in her lifetime at that year’s rates.

Madagascar 3.8

Ukraine 1.0

The dashed line at 2.1 is about what it takes for each generation to replace the one before it, leaving migration aside.

How long a newborn can expect to live, 2026

Each block is ten years of life, if the death rates of that year stayed the same all life long.

Madagascar 64 years

Ukraine 75 years

Hatched marks are UN projections (medium variant), not measurements.

MDG × UKR · 1950–2100 · how many

How big, and where they are heading

There are 39.5 million people in Ukraine and 33.5 million in Madagascar: about 20% more people than Madagascar.

Madagascar's population is 8.5 times what it was in 1950; Ukraine's population is 1.1 times what it was in 1950.

Madagascar's population is still growing in 2100; Ukraine's population peaked in 1993. The UN expects Madagascar to have more people than Ukraine from 2032. In 2100: 85.3 million in Madagascar, 15.2 million in Ukraine (UN projection, medium).

Show the numbers

Year	Madagascar: people	Ukraine: people	Madagascar: half older than	Ukraine: half older than	Madagascar: children per woman	Ukraine: children per woman	Madagascar: life expectancy	Ukraine: life expectancy
1950	3.95607 million	37.3109 million	20.7	27.4	7.43	2.45	39.7	61.2
1960	5.11103 million	42.8241 million	17.8	29.3	7.34	2.29	43.4	69.4
1970	6.67200 million	47.2613 million	16.6	32.3	7.10	2.08	47.9	70.8
1980	9.00603 million	49.9552 million	16.4	33.5	6.84	1.95	50.0	69.8
1990	12.0556 million	52.0541 million	16.8	34.2	6.14	1.84	52.1	70.3
2000	16.5163 million	49.5567 million	17.1	37.3	5.67	1.11	58.0	67.8
2010	22.1833 million	46.4560 million	17.7	39.6	4.90	1.44	62.6	70.2
2023	31.1959 million	37.7328 million	19.9	43.0	3.97	0.98	63.6	73.4
2030*	36.6932 million	38.3539 million	21.1	44.7	3.56	1.03	65.0	75.7
2040*	44.8469 million	35.2709 million	23.0	49.2	3.12	1.09	66.8	77.2
2050*	53.1855 million	31.9901 million	25.2	52.1	2.82	1.14	68.3	78.8
2060*	61.3529 million	28.3113 million	27.4	54.2	2.59	1.18	69.6	80.3
2070*	68.9261 million	24.5942 million	29.4	57.2	2.41	1.22	70.9	81.7
2080*	75.5124 million	21.0759 million	31.5	59.3	2.25	1.25	72.2	83.1
2090*	80.9926 million	17.9089 million	33.4	58.7	2.15	1.27	73.5	84.4
2100*	85.3411 million	15.1974 million	35.2	58.9	2.06	1.30	74.8	85.6

* UN projection, medium variant. People at mid-year; ages and life expectancy in years.

MDG − UKR · 1950–2100 · every age

Which ages each place has more of

Each column is a year and each row an age, from babies at the bottom to 100 at the top. The shade of a cell shows which place has more of its people at that age — the key beside the picture tells you which shade is Madagascar and which is Ukraine, and the in-between shade means the same. Because it compares shares, a small place and a large one can be compared fairly.

236 countries · 1950–2100

Where they sit among all countries

Every country in the world, every year from 1950 to 2100. The grey cloud shows where most countries are; Madagascar is drawn in solid blue squares and Ukraine in open orange squares, so you can see whether each is ahead of the crowd, behind it or in the middle.

More comparisons

Keep exploring

Each place on its own: Madagascar · Ukraine. Or pick any two places with the boxes at the top of this page.

Other comparisons

Apparatus

Sources and method

Madagascar and Ukraine are drawn here from one source and one release: the UN Population Division's World Population Prospects 2024, counted through 2023 and projected on its medium variant after that. Two places read off the same tables can be set against each other; two read off different tables cannot.

The working behind the median age, the rounding in the “100 people” pictures and the reason the regions are kept out of the all-country views are all set out in the method.

250 comparisons have a page of their own; any other two places can be compared from the boxes at the top.

Sources: UN WPP 2024 · flag-icons. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries