Ethiopia population

In Ethiopia the number of people aged 15–64 is still growing in 2100, the last year the UN projects. In 2023 there were 73,950,200 of them.

aged 15–64   children under 15   aged 65 and over

How to read this: one orange square for each of 100 people aged 15–64 in 2023. Beneath them, teal for the children living alongside those 100 and violet for the people aged 65 or older.

At no point between 1950 and 2100 do fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 here.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100   the same, projected   50 or more

How to read this: 1950 on the left, 2100 on the right; coloured in the years with fewer than 50 dependants per 100 working-age people, grey in the rest, hatched where that is a projection.

How every country compares

In 2020–2025 Ethiopia gains 7,233 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 20–24, at 33,393 a year more arriving than leaving.

more arrive than leave   more leave than arrive

How to read this: each column is one age, youngest on the left. Above the line, in blue, are the ages gaining people; below it, in orange, the ages losing them. This is the UN's projection for 2020–2025 — the record of migration by age does not go back beyond 2020.

In the years that were counted, 1950–2023, the most it gained in one year was 859,737 (1991) and the most it lost was 903,529 (1980).

In 2024, 1,168,455 people living in Ethiopia had been born in another country, fewer than 1 of every 100 people there, against 2 in 1990.

How migration works everywhere

Of every 100 babies born in Ethiopia in 2023, 12 had a mother under 20, 74 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 14 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 15 under 20 and 19 aged 35 or older.

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: shrink a year's babies to 100 and colour each one by the age of its mother — that is a block. Under it, the same three groups as numbers, starting with the youngest mothers.

Babies born, 2023

4,105,685

Average age when women have a baby

29.1 years

30.0 in 1950

Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19

70

118 in 1950

At the end of 2025, 2,378,000 people were displaced inside Ethiopia, about 18 of every 1,000 people living there.

1. hosted from abroad1,123,453
2. displaced inside it2,378,000
3. Ethiopia nationals abroad312,831

stayed inside their own country   crossed a border

How to read this: each square is 50,000 people, so the rows can be compared with one another. The last row is people from Ethiopia living in another country, wherever they are.

In 2025, 52,108 people asked for asylum in Ethiopia for the first time; 28,854 people from Ethiopia asked for asylum in another country. Of every 100 people from Ethiopia whose claims were decided that year, 59 were given protection. Who asks for asylum, and who is given it

How the world's displacement is counted

Of every 100 people in Ethiopia in 2025, 26 lived in a city, 41 in a town or suburb and 33 in the countryside.

How to read this: one square for every hundredth person, coloured as the key shows. Because the rule behind the colours is the same everywhere, two countries' squares can be compared directly.

How the world's people live

Of every 100 adults in Ethiopia in 2020, 61 never went to school and 8 finished upper secondary or went further.

Compare two generations. Aged 60–64, 92.2 of every 100 women and 72.2 of every 100 men never went to school; aged 25–29, 47 and 37.4.

Its people aged 15 to 64 are projected to be most numerous in 2085; the ones who finished upper secondary are still growing in 2100.

How to read this: 100 squares, one for every hundredth adult aged 25 or over, from least schooling on the left to most on the right. Counted by the Wittgenstein Centre for 2020.

How far the world's people went in school

Ethiopia had 259 cities in 2025, home to 35.1 million people. The largest, Addis Ababa, holds 5 of every 100 people in Ethiopia.

1. Addis Ababa6,705,705
2. Adama584,854
3. Bahir Dar498,735
4. Dire Dawa483,674
5. Shashamane452,945
6. Hawassa444,909
7. Bishoftu442,776
8. Jijiga422,225
9. Gonder392,767
10. Dilla360,925

How to read this: one bar for each of the 10 largest cities, 2025, all on the same scale. "City" here means the built-up area the UN measures, not the boundary the city draws itself.

All the world's cities