Country or area · Caribbean · Latin America and the Caribbean · Americas · UN WPP 2024

Cuba population

Cuba population now

10,881,489

A projection read at this second, not a count: the UN's totals for 1 January 2026 and 2027, joined by a straight line. 95% range for 31 December 2026: 10.8–10.9 million.

Mid-2023, UN estimate: 11,019,930

Year: 2026; projection · medium
Population, mid-2026: 10.8927 million; 95% range, 31 Dec: 10.8–10.9 million
Median age: 43.5
Aged 65+: 17.6%

Move through time, 1950–2100

2023 | 2024

male female projection · one cell = 2,000 people

How to read this: one row for each age, newborns at the bottom; men on the left, women on the right.

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries

CUB · 1950–2100 · in brief

Cuba in numbers

The UN counts 11,019,930 people in Cuba in mid-2023, which makes it the 86th-largest population of the 236 countries and areas the UN reports, and 0.14% of the world's people. That is 1.9 times its 1950 population of 5.9 million.

Its population peaked in 2012 at 11.3 million and has been falling since. The UN's medium projection has 5.6 million in 2100. The projection is uncertain: on 1 January 2100 the UN's 95% range runs from 3.7 million to 8.2 million.

Since 2019, more people have died here each year than have been born, and the UN's projection has that holding every year to 2100.

The median age was 22.2 in 1950 and 42.7 in 2023; the projection has 55.9 in 2100. 16.2% of people were 65 or older in 2023, against 38.6% projected for 2100. The working-age population (15–64) peaked in 2008 at 7.9 million; in 2023 it was 7.5 million.

Among countries it ranks 86th in 2023, 103rd in 2050 and 123rd in 2100. It is overtaken by the United Arab Emirates in 2024, Honduras in 2025 and Papua New Guinea in 2026.

Population, mid-2023: 11,019,930
Rank by population, 2023: 86 of 236
Share of the world, 2023: 0.14%
Change in a year, mid-2022 to mid-2023: −0.36% · −39,890 people
People per km² of land, 2023: 106
Land area, 2023: 103,800 km²
Births, 2023: 95,938
Deaths, 2023: 111,819
Net migration, 2023: −22,797
Children per woman, 2023: 1.44
Median age, 2023: 42.7 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2023: 78.1 years
In a city, 2025: 47 of every 100
Population, mid-1950: 5,924,511
Projected, mid-2050: 9,382,000
Projected, mid-2100: 5,577,282

CUB · 1950–2100 · total population

Population, 1950–2100

estimates | projections02 m4 m6 m8 m10 m12 m1950197520002025205020752100

estimate projection, up to the bottom of the 95% range 95% range medium projection. Each column is the population on 1 January of one year; the paper rules cut it into equal cells.

Show the numbers: Cuba, 1950–2100

Cuba: population on 1 January, births, deaths, fertility and life expectancy, 1950–2100
Year	Kind	Population, 1 Jan	95% range	Births	Deaths	Children per woman	Life expectancy
1950	estimate	5,865,903		189,922	66,619	4.03	59.0
1951	estimate	5,983,119		189,537	65,587	3.95	59.4
1952	estimate	6,101,282		192,595	64,959	3.93	59.8
1953	estimate	6,223,067		196,228	64,623	3.92	60.2
1954	estimate	6,348,430		200,076	64,342	3.92	60.7
1955	estimate	6,477,267		203,589	64,092	3.90	61.1
1956	estimate	6,608,933		207,496	64,263	3.89	61.5
1957	estimate	6,743,171		211,611	64,218	3.89	61.9
1958	estimate	6,880,283		216,583	64,247	3.90	62.3
1959	estimate	7,020,296		226,134	64,271	4.00	62.8
1960	estimate	7,164,367		237,331	64,510	4.13	63.3
1961	estimate	7,311,795		248,708	64,904	4.26	63.7
1962	estimate	7,462,439		261,076	64,648	4.42	64.4
1963	estimate	7,619,757		272,383	66,596	4.56	64.3
1964	estimate	7,783,563		274,215	64,899	4.53	65.3
1965	estimate	7,948,476		276,269	64,941	4.50	65.6
1966	estimate	8,113,119		273,659	64,480	4.40	66.1
1967	estimate	8,273,781		271,186	63,944	4.29	66.5
1968	estimate	8,431,469		268,951	63,464	4.19	66.9
1969	estimate	8,587,574		268,725	63,143	4.12	67.4
1970	estimate	8,745,707		263,853	62,029	3.98	67.9
1971	estimate	8,903,058		256,344	61,234	3.80	68.4
1972	estimate	9,055,112		248,481	60,897	3.61	69.0
1973	estimate	9,192,670		238,407	61,023	3.40	69.3
1974	estimate	9,317,987		225,746	60,651	3.16	69.9
1975	estimate	9,430,378		205,205	60,246	2.82	70.4
1976	estimate	9,529,073		185,397	60,011	2.51	70.9
1977	estimate	9,613,410		166,837	59,969	2.21	71.4
1978	estimate	9,683,469		146,966	60,101	1.88	71.9
1979	estimate	9,740,491		142,218	61,029	1.77	72.3
1980	estimate	9,786,220		136,181	61,912	1.64	72.6
1981	estimate	9,823,371		136,877	62,810	1.59	73.0
1982	estimate	9,875,270		157,879	62,010	1.78	73.4
1983	estimate	9,950,091		164,835	62,969	1.80	73.6
1984	estimate	10,031,961		166,484	64,813	1.77	73.5
1985	estimate	10,114,637		170,076	66,844	1.77	73.5
1986	estimate	10,199,818		174,087	68,095	1.78	73.6
1987	estimate	10,288,676		179,208	69,585	1.80	73.6
1988	estimate	10,382,008		187,454	70,831	1.85	73.7
1989	estimate	10,483,161		187,992	73,117	1.83	73.7
1990	estimate	10,583,325		186,612	74,231	1.81	73.8
1991	estimate	10,680,274		172,248	76,848	1.66	73.8
1992	estimate	10,755,006		161,714	78,246	1.56	73.8
1993	estimate	10,816,597		153,222	80,002	1.49	73.9
1994	estimate	10,865,465		148,651	80,043	1.47	74.1
1995	estimate	10,906,577		147,364	80,551	1.48	74.3
1996	estimate	10,944,147		142,228	80,398	1.46	74.7
1997	estimate	10,979,873		151,695	79,866	1.59	75.1
1998	estimate	11,015,995		150,894	79,601	1.62	75.4
1999	estimate	11,053,430		149,197	80,131	1.64	75.7
2000	estimate	11,091,031		142,835	81,699	1.61	75.9
2001	estimate	11,127,186		138,456	81,129	1.59	76.4
2002	estimate	11,161,078		140,095	81,882	1.65	76.8
2003	estimate	11,193,758		135,794	79,619	1.63	77.4
2004	estimate	11,225,009		126,573	82,308	1.55	77.3
2005	estimate	11,252,503		119,602	82,942	1.49	77.5
2006	estimate	11,272,605		111,368	86,851	1.40	77.4
2007	estimate	11,284,496		113,109	88,496	1.44	77.5
2008	estimate	11,290,049		123,199	90,358	1.58	77.6
2009	estimate	11,293,474		130,300	92,756	1.68	77.6
2010	estimate	11,295,965		129,104	92,084	1.67	77.9
2011	estimate	11,298,853		133,028	92,277	1.73	78.0
2012	estimate	11,304,289		127,055	93,191	1.67	78.2
2013	estimate	11,302,062		126,047	96,214	1.68	78.0
2014	estimate	11,294,273		122,707	100,265	1.66	77.8
2015	estimate	11,277,278		123,326	102,859	1.69	77.8
2016	estimate	11,272,851		116,026	106,352	1.60	77.6
2017	estimate	11,258,373		113,772	111,465	1.58	77.3
2018	estimate	11,237,285		114,199	110,763	1.61	77.4
2019	estimate	11,216,950		108,309	112,553	1.54	77.4
2020	estimate	11,188,743		103,465	116,268	1.49	77.4
2021	estimate	11,163,965		98,036	169,651	1.43	73.2
2022	estimate	11,080,372		95,802	113,757	1.41	77.6
2023	estimate	11,039,268		95,938	111,819	1.44	78.1
2024	estimate	11,000,593		94,650	113,915	1.45	78.3
2025	projection	10,958,973	10.9–11.0 million	93,499	114,797	1.45	78.5
2026	projection	10,915,434	10.9–11.0 million	92,314	115,769	1.46	78.6
2027	projection	10,869,884	10.8–10.9 million	91,231	116,693	1.46	78.8
2028	projection	10,823,523	10.7–10.9 million	90,374	117,762	1.46	79.0
2029	projection	10,775,647	10.7–10.9 million	89,461	118,870	1.47	79.2
2030	projection	10,726,136	10.6–10.9 million	88,613	119,965	1.47	79.3
2031	projection	10,675,508	10.5–10.8 million	87,798	120,998	1.47	79.5
2032	projection	10,623,847	10.4–10.8 million	87,028	122,059	1.48	79.7
2033	projection	10,570,818	10.3–10.8 million	86,152	123,213	1.48	79.8
2034	projection	10,516,253	10.3–10.8 million	85,328	124,395	1.48	80.0
2035	projection	10,460,297	10.2–10.8 million	84,480	125,478	1.49	80.2
2036	projection	10,403,227	10.1–10.7 million	83,437	126,507	1.49	80.3
2037	projection	10,344,631	10.0–10.7 million	82,401	127,610	1.49	80.5
2038	projection	10,284,042	9.9–10.7 million	81,270	128,724	1.49	80.7
2039	projection	10,222,354	9.8–10.7 million	80,067	129,789	1.50	80.8
2040	projection	10,158,586	9.7–10.6 million	78,687	130,898	1.49	81.0
2041	projection	10,093,088	9.6–10.6 million	77,314	132,116	1.49	81.2
2042	projection	10,025,520	9.5–10.6 million	76,082	133,285	1.50	81.3
2043	projection	9,956,271	9.4–10.6 million	74,972	134,385	1.50	81.5
2044	projection	9,885,067	9.3–10.5 million	73,872	135,642	1.50	81.6
2045	projection	9,812,422	9.2–10.5 million	72,688	136,796	1.50	81.8
2046	projection	9,737,976	9.1–10.4 million	71,585	137,863	1.51	82.0
2047	projection	9,661,681	9.0–10.4 million	70,469	138,952	1.51	82.1
2048	projection	9,583,737	8.9–10.4 million	69,473	139,960	1.51	82.3
2049	projection	9,504,546	8.8–10.3 million	68,414	141,040	1.51	82.4
2050	projection	9,423,308	8.6–10.3 million	67,401	142,164	1.51	82.6
2051	projection	9,340,691	8.5–10.2 million	66,452	143,100	1.51	82.7
2052	projection	9,256,403	8.4–10.1 million	65,532	143,721	1.52	82.9
2053	projection	9,170,598	8.3–10.1 million	64,563	144,347	1.52	83.0
2054	projection	9,083,317	8.2–10.0 million	63,690	144,698	1.52	83.2
2055	projection	8,994,668	8.1–9.9 million	62,954	144,831	1.52	83.3
2056	projection	8,905,409	8.0–9.9 million	62,181	144,801	1.52	83.5
2057	projection	8,815,370	7.8–9.8 million	61,459	144,566	1.53	83.6
2058	projection	8,725,268	7.7–9.8 million	60,637	144,098	1.53	83.7
2059	projection	8,635,122	7.6–9.7 million	59,958	143,412	1.53	83.9
2060	projection	8,544,933	7.5–9.6 million	59,368	142,485	1.53	84.0
2061	projection	8,455,075	7.4–9.6 million	58,848	141,155	1.53	84.1
2062	projection	8,366,177	7.3–9.5 million	58,272	139,618	1.54	84.3
2063	projection	8,278,203	7.2–9.5 million	57,748	137,849	1.54	84.4
2064	projection	8,191,647	7.1–9.4 million	57,143	136,012	1.54	84.5
2065	projection	8,106,216	6.9–9.4 million	56,513	134,010	1.54	84.7
2066	projection	8,022,179	6.8–9.3 million	55,997	132,117	1.54	84.8
2067	projection	7,939,773	6.7–9.3 million	55,351	130,285	1.54	84.9
2068	projection	7,858,674	6.6–9.2 million	54,693	128,231	1.54	85.1
2069	projection	7,779,109	6.5–9.2 million	54,092	126,443	1.54	85.2
2070	projection	7,700,703	6.4–9.2 million	53,540	124,669	1.54	85.3
2071	projection	7,623,527	6.3–9.1 million	52,961	123,042	1.54	85.5
2072	projection	7,547,803	6.2–9.0 million	52,358	121,670	1.54	85.6
2073	projection	7,472,737	6.1–9.0 million	51,754	120,194	1.55	85.7
2074	projection	7,398,623	6.0–8.9 million	51,114	119,184	1.55	85.8
2075	projection	7,324,928	5.9–8.9 million	50,533	118,255	1.55	86.0
2076	projection	7,251,723	5.8–8.9 million	49,876	117,438	1.55	86.1
2077	projection	7,178,855	5.7–8.9 million	49,256	116,707	1.55	86.2
2078	projection	7,105,856	5.6–8.8 million	48,629	116,164	1.55	86.3
2079	projection	7,033,028	5.5–8.8 million	48,061	115,559	1.55	86.4
2080	projection	6,960,256	5.4–8.7 million	47,443	115,040	1.55	86.5
2081	projection	6,887,498	5.4–8.7 million	46,866	114,470	1.55	86.7
2082	projection	6,814,887	5.3–8.7 million	46,286	113,849	1.55	86.8
2083	projection	6,742,277	5.2–8.6 million	45,732	113,105	1.55	86.9
2084	projection	6,670,123	5.1–8.6 million	45,218	112,351	1.55	87.0
2085	projection	6,598,263	5.0–8.6 million	44,666	111,357	1.55	87.2
2086	projection	6,526,636	4.9–8.5 million	44,130	110,320	1.55	87.3
2087	projection	6,455,626	4.8–8.5 million	43,667	109,215	1.55	87.4
2088	projection	6,385,457	4.7–8.5 million	43,205	108,037	1.55	87.5
2089	projection	6,316,171	4.6–8.5 million	42,791	106,790	1.56	87.6
2090	projection	6,247,541	4.5–8.4 million	42,313	105,418	1.56	87.7
2091	projection	6,179,845	4.4–8.4 million	41,910	104,141	1.56	87.8
2092	projection	6,113,224	4.3–8.4 million	41,454	102,937	1.56	88.0
2093	projection	6,047,294	4.2–8.3 million	41,113	101,852	1.56	88.1
2094	projection	5,982,121	4.1–8.3 million	40,764	100,732	1.56	88.2
2095	projection	5,917,947	4.1–8.3 million	40,302	99,638	1.56	88.3
2096	projection	5,854,299	4.0–8.2 million	39,946	98,544	1.56	88.4
2097	projection	5,791,525	3.9–8.2 million	39,560	97,471	1.56	88.5
2098	projection	5,729,484	3.8–8.2 million	39,185	96,434	1.56	88.6
2099	projection	5,668,098	3.8–8.2 million	38,780	95,465	1.56	88.7
2100	projection	5,607,326	3.7–8.2 million	38,415	94,396	1.57	88.8

Show the numbers: Cuba, mid-2026, by single year of age

Cuba: population by single year of age, mid-2026
Age	Male	Female
0	47,549	44,461
1	47,868	44,722
2	48,306	45,102
3	48,476	45,242
4	48,904	45,596
5	50,876	47,381
6	53,527	49,830
7	56,202	52,282
8	57,543	53,470
9	57,971	53,831
10	60,357	56,081
11	61,909	57,632
12	62,409	58,195
13	63,354	59,168
14	64,445	60,983
15	64,714	61,925
16	63,357	60,608
17	61,443	58,732
18	58,970	56,148
19	57,182	54,270
20	57,415	54,554
21	59,784	56,947
22	63,066	60,233
23	65,792	62,946
24	67,312	64,482
25	68,257	65,405
26	68,992	65,908
27	69,268	65,812
28	69,020	65,160
29	68,106	64,150
30	66,729	63,442
31	65,578	63,024
32	66,968	63,709
33	71,102	66,444
34	76,308	70,690
35	80,695	75,847
36	82,944	79,310
37	82,864	79,396
38	79,833	76,168
39	77,300	73,023
40	77,384	72,734
41	74,742	71,202
42	70,778	68,803
43	68,625	66,908
44	63,097	61,228
45	58,276	56,358
46	58,165	56,722
47	59,264	58,592
48	63,840	62,763
49	70,736	70,135
50	74,438	76,282
51	77,596	80,948
52	84,222	87,871
53	92,250	96,318
54	95,388	100,406
55	93,803	98,733
56	91,433	96,645
57	89,742	97,068
58	90,321	98,060
59	91,751	98,818
60	91,682	99,842
61	90,716	100,185
62	89,368	98,079
63	84,884	93,135
64	75,293	84,450
65	66,512	75,142
66	60,296	67,574
67	53,610	60,823
68	49,168	56,892
69	47,028	55,644
70	45,385	54,622
71	44,266	53,201
72	43,780	52,966
73	42,189	51,703
74	38,930	48,334
75	36,352	45,440
76	34,487	42,872
77	32,779	41,146
78	31,390	40,250
79	28,815	37,899
80	25,852	35,100
81	23,596	32,418
82	21,784	29,817
83	20,117	27,547
84	17,488	24,398
85	15,354	21,808
86	13,526	19,612
87	11,256	16,820
88	9,339	14,386
89	7,795	12,238
90	6,408	10,160
91	5,028	8,268
92	4,098	6,936
93	3,391	5,790
94	2,588	4,527
95	2,018	3,610
96	1,570	2,860
97	1,132	2,109
98	796	1,546
99	570	1,138
100+	1,034	2,249

CUB · 1950–2100 · every age, every year

Cuba, every age in every year

Each column is a year and each row an age; the denser the ink in a cell, the more people. Everyone born in the same year climbs one 45° diagonal, so famines, baby booms and migration show up as streaks. Select a cell to follow its generation.

CUB · ages 15–64

Who does the work in Cuba

Cuba had the most working-age people it is ever expected to have in 2008: 7,877,450 people aged 15–64, against 7,525,560 in 2023.

100 aged 15–64

23 children

24 aged 65+

aged 15–64 children under 15 aged 65 and over

How to read this: one orange square for each of 100 people aged 15–64 in 2023. Beneath them, teal for the children living alongside those 100 and violet for the people aged 65 or older.

Fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 in 43 years: 1986–2028.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100 the same, projected 50 or more

How to read this: 1950 on the left, 2100 on the right; coloured in the years with fewer than 50 dependants per 100 working-age people, grey in the rest, hatched where that is a projection.

How every country compares

CUB · arrivals minus departures

Who arrives in Cuba, and who leaves

In 2020–2025 Cuba loses 19,478 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 25–29, at 3,475 a year more leaving than arriving.

one square = 500 people a year

020406080+

more arrive than leave more leave than arrive

How to read this: each column is one age, youngest on the left. Above the line, in blue, are the ages gaining people; below it, in orange, the ages losing them. This is the UN's projection for 2020–2025 — the record of migration by age does not go back beyond 2020.

In the years that were counted, 1950–2023, the most it gained in one year was -5,786 (1951) and the most it lost was 52,697 (1974).

In 2024, 2,144 people living in Cuba had been born in another country, fewer than 1 of every 100 people there, against fewer than 1 in 1990.

How migration works everywhere

CUB · births by the mother's age · 1950–2100

Who has the babies in Cuba

Of every 100 babies born in Cuba in 2023, 15 had a mother under 20, 74 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 11 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 23 under 20 and 10 aged 35 or older.

1950
23 · 67 · 10

2023
15 · 74 · 11

2050 · projected
14 · 70 · 16

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: shrink a year's babies to 100 and colour each one by the age of its mother — that is a block. Under it, the same three groups as numbers, starting with the youngest mothers.

Babies born, 2023: 95,938
Average age when women have a baby: 26.2 years; 26.2 in 1950
Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19: 49; 148 in 1950

Babies by the mother's age, 1950–2100

Babies born in Cuba by the mother's age
Mother's age	1950	1975	2000	2023	2050 projected	2100 projected
10–14	1,092	1,623	497	407	274	5
15–19	41,751	52,467	17,663	13,976	8,930	593
20–24	64,505	71,567	35,305	28,321	15,725	3,880
25–29	40,807	43,651	45,816	24,531	16,615	10,734
30–34	22,074	21,580	30,093	18,467	14,953	13,544
35–39	13,715	10,449	12,030	8,669	8,672	7,669
40–44	5,546	3,179	1,386	1,499	2,135	1,852
45–49	432	667	44	68	97	138
50–54	0	22	1	0	0	0
All babies	189,922	205,205	142,835	95,938	67,401	38,415

The UN's births for each year, split by the mother's age in the UN's own proportions.

CUB · healthy years · 2021

Years in good health in Cuba

Of the 73.7 years a baby born in Cuba in 2021 could expect, about 64.6 would be lived in full health (95% range 64.0–65.3). That leaves 9.1 years in less than full health, close to the world's 9.5.

Women

66.0 in full health, 10.5 not: 76.5 years

Men

63.4 in full health, 7.7 not: 71.1 years

a year in full health a year in less than full health

How to read this: each square is a year of life, each row ten years; filled squares are years in full health, rounded to whole years.

Women: 66.0 healthy years of 76.5. Men: 63.4 of 71.1. In 2019, before the pandemic, the healthy years were 67.8.

CUB · forced from home · end of 2025

Displacement in Cuba

At the end of 2025, Cuba was hosting 155 people who had crossed a border into it, fewer than 1 in every 10,000 people living there.

hosted from abroad155
Cuba nationals abroad317,445

stayed inside their own country crossed a border

How to read this: each square is 10,000 people, so the rows can be compared with one another. The last row is people from Cuba living in another country, wherever they are. An outlined square means fewer people than one square stands for.

In 2025, 25 people asked for asylum in Cuba for the first time; 137,293 people from Cuba asked for asylum in another country. Of every 100 people from Cuba whose claims were decided that year, 54 were given protection. Who asks for asylum, and who is given it

How the world's displacement is counted

CUB · of every 100 people

How people live in Cuba

Of every 100 people in Cuba in 2025, 47 lived in a city, 36 in a town or suburb and 17 in the countryside.

cities towns and suburbs rural areas

Nearly everyone has electricity at home (2024). 29.5 of every 100 do not use the internet (2024).

How to read this: one square for every hundredth person, coloured as the key shows. Because the rule behind the colours is the same everywhere, two countries' squares can be compared directly.

How the world's people live

CUB · adults 25 and over · 2020

How far people in Cuba went in school

Of every 100 adults in Cuba in 2020, 2 never went to school and 58 finished upper secondary or went further.

2 never went to school 4 some primary 10 finished primary 26 finished lower secondary 36 finished upper secondary 22 studied after school

Its people aged 15 to 64 were most numerous in 2020, the first year counted, and are never as many again in the middle projection; the ones who finished upper secondary are most numerous later, in 2025.

How to read this: the row is the adults (25 and over) shrunk to 100 people, coloured by how far each went in school, least schooling on the left. The Wittgenstein Centre's count, 2020.

How far the world's people went in school

CUB · cities · 2025

Cities in Cuba

Cuba had 28 cities in 2025, home to 5.1 million people. The largest, Havana, holds 15 of every 100 people in Cuba.

Havana1,593,580
Santiago de Cuba429,537
Holguín312,173
Camagüey278,716
Santa Clara213,948
Bayamo201,207
Guantanamo198,411
Las Tunas187,705
Pinar del Rio151,868
Matanzas142,097

How to read this: the 10 largest cities in 2025, bars on one scale. A city is the whole built-up area on the UN's rule, not the city's own boundary.

All the world's cities

Apparatus

Sources and method

Every figure on this page comes from the UN's World Population Prospects 2024: the annual country tables (estimates to 2023, projections with 95% intervals from 2024), and the population by single year of age and sex for the pyramid.

The censuses, surveys and registers behind the UN's estimates for Cuba are listed, source by source, on the UN's own data sources page.

Sources: UN WPP 2024 · World Bank · UNHCR · country code lists · UN WUP 2025 · Wittgenstein Centre · WHO GHO · flag-icons · Natural Earth. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →

Checked before it was drawn

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries The pyramid for every year was checked against the published total. What that stamp counts, and what every page here has to pass before it can be built: how this site checks its figures.