censuswall CAN · 2026 · ages 0–100
Topics

Country or area · Northern America · Americas · UN WPP 2024

Canada population

Canada population now

40,546,515

A projection read at this second, not a count: the UN's totals for 1 January 2026 and 2027, joined by a straight line. 95% range for 31 December 2026: 40.1–41.3 million.

Mid-2023, UN estimate: 39,299,104

Year
2026
projection · medium
Population, mid-2026
40.4677 million
95% range, 31 Dec: 40.1–41.3 million
Median age
41.8
Aged 65+
20.7%
2023 | 2024

male female projection · one cell = 5,000 people

How to read this: one row for each age, newborns at the bottom; men on the left, women on the right.

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries

CAN · 1950–2100 · in brief

Canada in numbers

39,299,104 people lived in Canada in mid-2023: 0.49% of the world's people, and the 38th-largest population of the 236 countries and areas the UN reports. That is 2.9 times its 1950 population of 13.7 million.

In the UN's medium projection it is still growing in 2100, when it reaches 53.6 million. The projection is uncertain: on 1 January 2100 the UN's 95% range runs from 21.9 million to 88.8 million.

The medium projection has deaths passing births in 2032 and staying above them from then on. The population still grows to 2100, because more people arrive than leave.

The median age was 27.7 in 1950 and 41.3 in 2023; the projection has 47.9 in 2100. 19.4% of people were 65 or older in 2023, against 30.4% projected for 2100. The working-age population (15–64) is still growing in 2100 in the medium projection.

By size it is the 38th country in 2023; the projection puts it 46th in 2050 and 45th in 2100. In the medium projection it overtakes Spain in 2049, South Korea in 2050 and Italy in 2061. It is overtaken by Angola in 2027, Mozambique in 2031 and Uzbekistan in 2035.

Population, mid-2023
39,299,104
Rank by population, 2023
38 of 236
Share of the world, 2023
0.49%
Change in a year, mid-2022 to mid-2023
+1.23% · +477,845 people
People per km² of land, 2023
4.5
Land area, 2023
8,788,700 km²
Births, 2023
356,745
Deaths, 2023
311,824
Net migration, 2023
+433,842
Children per woman, 2023
1.35
Median age, 2023
41.3 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2023
82.6 years
In a city, 2025
53 of every 100
Population, mid-1950
13,741,747
Projected, mid-2050
45,621,882
Projected, mid-2100
53,612,234

CAN · 1950–2100 · total population

Population, 1950–2100

estimates | projections020 m40 m60 m80 m100 m1950197520002025205020752100

estimate   projection, up to the bottom of the 95% range   95% range   medium projection. Every column stands for a single year, counted on 1 January, and the paper rules slice it into cells of equal size.

Show the numbers: Canada, 1950–2100
Canada: population on 1 January, births, deaths, fertility and life expectancy, 1950–2100
YearKindPopulation, 1 Jan95% rangeBirthsDeathsChildren per womanLife expectancy
1950estimate13,593,591359,149123,1253.3768.2
1951estimate13,889,903368,896124,7483.4268.5
1952estimate14,276,694389,635125,7893.5668.7
1953estimate14,688,904403,902127,4383.6469.1
1954estimate15,106,846421,019124,6263.7469.9
1955estimate15,531,127426,460128,1653.7570.0
1956estimate15,925,422433,958131,4023.7770.0
1957estimate16,393,823450,469135,5083.8569.9
1958estimate16,888,837454,402133,6673.8170.6
1959estimate17,319,334463,478138,1563.8570.6
1960estimate17,711,707462,354137,8883.8271.0
1961estimate18,085,873458,619138,9313.7671.2
1962estimate18,440,276452,818141,5483.6871.2
1963estimate18,786,925447,958145,1123.5971.3
1964estimate19,141,598435,741143,6083.4271.6
1965estimate19,501,734401,470146,3023.0871.8
1966estimate19,869,302371,321147,2222.7571.9
1967estimate20,238,040356,564147,9422.5472.1
1968estimate20,579,519351,232150,7942.4172.2
1969estimate20,888,824356,352152,3582.3672.4
1970estimate21,186,412356,057153,4752.2772.6
1971estimate21,693,632348,887155,0062.1073.0
1972estimate22,097,750336,708160,3261.9472.8
1973estimate22,364,011333,068162,0371.8573.1
1974estimate22,660,442337,123165,4351.8173.1
1975estimate22,987,722348,381165,6471.8073.5
1976estimate23,310,251350,479166,3261.7573.9
1977estimate23,601,311354,095166,3761.7374.2
1978estimate23,859,369353,033167,0701.6874.5
1979estimate24,098,108358,743167,3251.6774.8
1980estimate24,376,237362,849170,5321.6675.1
1981estimate24,691,315364,229170,3601.6375.5
1982estimate24,998,632367,683174,1631.6275.7
1983estimate25,281,696369,951174,2971.6176.1
1984estimate25,543,520373,518175,7911.6176.4
1985estimate25,797,230372,228181,5391.5976.3
1986estimate26,057,701369,282184,5451.5876.5
1987estimate26,364,361367,061185,2581.5676.8
1988estimate26,717,480373,652190,7201.5976.9
1989estimate27,138,409388,804191,6181.6477.1
1990estimate27,593,691402,979192,9371.7077.4
1991estimate27,985,194406,396196,9301.7277.6
1992estimate28,329,121401,753198,0001.7277.8
1993estimate28,670,998392,551206,6961.6977.7
1994estimate28,990,276388,484209,1421.6977.9
1995estimate29,304,487380,498213,0171.6778.0
1996estimate29,613,776367,642215,3411.6378.3
1997estimate29,920,635350,608218,3781.5778.5
1998estimate30,197,543343,404220,8961.5578.7
1999estimate30,462,396338,118222,3421.5478.9
2000estimate30,736,515329,737220,8841.5179.2
2001estimate31,047,091333,510222,6411.5379.5
2002estimate31,380,063329,815226,8471.5179.6
2003estimate31,691,092334,808229,6701.5379.7
2004estimate31,981,872337,172230,1761.5480.0
2005estimate32,283,483342,817233,9591.5780.1
2006estimate32,596,863354,634232,1891.6180.5
2007estimate32,921,479367,258239,6771.6680.5
2008estimate33,262,864377,291242,9321.6880.7
2009estimate33,635,306380,249242,5911.6881.1
2010estimate34,017,435377,848244,2801.6481.3
2011estimate34,376,362378,973247,8711.6381.5
2012estimate34,734,543383,018250,8211.6381.7
2013estimate35,110,489382,695256,6161.6181.8
2014estimate35,476,376386,115263,2301.6181.8
2015estimate35,792,151384,571268,7321.6081.9
2016estimate36,132,317383,577270,9801.5982.0
2017estimate36,574,369377,884282,3111.5581.9
2018estimate37,042,624374,264289,7281.5181.9
2019estimate37,547,386372,337288,9261.4882.3
2020estimate38,018,483362,246311,9941.4181.7
2021estimate38,325,321369,789311,1881.4382.0
2022estimate38,582,793354,665337,7241.3781.3
2023estimate39,059,725356,745311,8241.3582.6
2024estimate39,538,484361,079321,7901.3482.7
2025projection39,946,37639.8–40.2 million361,103326,6071.3382.9
2026projection40,307,07040.0–40.7 million361,315331,4031.3383.0
2027projection40,628,38540.1–41.3 million361,206336,6251.3283.2
2028projection40,936,08340.2–41.8 million362,624342,3821.3283.4
2029projection41,234,92340.3–42.4 million363,065348,2181.3283.5
2030projection41,517,67040.4–42.9 million364,010354,8331.3283.7
2031projection41,793,50840.4–43.5 million364,701361,5321.3383.8
2032projection42,063,72240.4–44.0 million365,817368,7381.3384.0
2033projection42,319,81440.4–44.6 million366,417376,4641.3384.1
2034projection42,556,24640.4–45.2 million366,850383,6691.3484.2
2035projection42,796,69840.3–45.8 million368,450391,8261.3484.4
2036projection43,013,83640.3–46.5 million369,607399,7841.3584.5
2037projection43,235,06540.3–47.2 million370,601408,0941.3584.6
2038projection43,450,94740.1–47.8 million371,653416,1411.3584.8
2039projection43,660,95740.0–48.3 million372,743423,7831.3584.9
2040projection43,857,76239.9–49.0 million373,777431,3081.3685.0
2041projection44,045,07239.8–49.6 million374,982439,4221.3685.2
2042projection44,230,73939.7–50.1 million375,933446,7031.3785.3
2043projection44,413,16039.4–50.8 million376,719453,9791.3785.4
2044projection44,589,11239.1–51.4 million377,658460,8351.3785.5
2045projection44,762,49638.8–51.9 million378,506467,0221.3885.6
2046projection44,937,69638.6–52.5 million379,304473,0581.3885.8
2047projection45,095,81338.3–53.0 million380,298478,2861.3885.9
2048projection45,251,16038.2–53.3 million380,279483,3251.3986.0
2049projection45,407,27438.0–53.8 million380,457487,7921.3986.1
2050projection45,546,62538.0–54.4 million380,314491,7471.3986.2
2051projection45,697,13937.6–55.1 million380,975495,1371.3986.3
2052projection45,845,78737.5–55.7 million382,318497,6821.4086.5
2053projection46,000,12237.1–56.1 million382,824499,6301.4086.6
2054projection46,141,89837.0–56.5 million383,842500,6501.4086.7
2055projection46,284,53336.8–57.2 million384,964501,2051.4186.8
2056projection46,429,61136.5–57.5 million386,143501,4631.4187.0
2057projection46,578,67436.2–57.9 million387,068501,2731.4287.1
2058projection46,732,89535.9–58.5 million388,108500,8191.4287.2
2059projection46,899,49635.8–59.2 million389,422500,1831.4287.3
2060projection47,064,78735.5–59.6 million390,909499,4621.4287.4
2061projection47,225,79035.1–60.1 million391,963498,4691.4387.5
2062projection47,394,04234.9–60.9 million393,877497,6221.4387.7
2063projection47,569,80734.6–61.7 million395,604497,3361.4387.8
2064projection47,743,83734.3–62.2 million396,838497,4241.4387.9
2065projection47,916,11133.8–62.6 million398,287497,9901.4488.0
2066projection48,087,94433.5–63.0 million399,648499,0811.4488.1
2067projection48,260,38133.3–63.6 million401,219500,6881.4488.2
2068projection48,441,49833.1–64.1 million402,635502,8251.4488.3
2069projection48,608,98432.7–65.1 million404,068505,4701.4488.4
2070projection48,775,63832.4–65.6 million405,831508,5901.4588.5
2071projection48,939,97631.9–66.5 million407,626511,6471.4588.6
2072projection49,105,90031.5–67.4 million409,355515,2131.4588.7
2073projection49,268,69731.1–68.3 million411,061519,0211.4688.8
2074projection49,423,68030.7–69.1 million412,811522,8261.4689.0
2075projection49,579,93030.3–69.8 million413,837527,2131.4689.1
2076projection49,743,12830.1–70.7 million414,787530,8471.4689.2
2077projection49,909,09929.7–71.1 million416,303535,2191.4689.3
2078projection50,059,40629.2–71.4 million417,905538,6861.4789.4
2079projection50,221,04528.9–72.3 million419,396542,8131.4789.5
2080projection50,373,29528.4–73.2 million420,915546,2761.4789.6
2081projection50,525,24428.1–73.8 million422,385549,4901.4789.7
2082projection50,687,39327.9–74.6 million423,913552,1161.4789.8
2083projection50,831,82927.7–75.2 million425,052554,4491.4789.9
2084projection50,989,68927.3–76.2 million426,371556,2691.4790.0
2085projection51,139,69027.0–76.6 million427,866558,4471.4890.1
2086projection51,283,77826.5–77.1 million429,407560,3311.4890.2
2087projection51,431,48226.0–77.8 million430,294561,9081.4890.3
2088projection51,572,95725.6–78.8 million431,555562,6141.4890.4
2089projection51,744,13325.5–79.1 million433,273563,2101.4890.5
2090projection51,887,28025.1–79.8 million435,096562,6811.4890.7
2091projection52,026,21625.0–81.4 million436,076562,9521.4890.8
2092projection52,184,28524.5–82.4 million438,357562,2821.4890.9
2093projection52,335,10224.0–83.7 million440,278561,4531.4991.0
2094projection52,494,52423.8–84.2 million441,517561,5631.4991.1
2095projection52,652,87523.4–85.0 million443,101560,2821.4991.2
2096projection52,815,32223.0–85.3 million445,189559,9361.4991.3
2097projection52,981,21322.7–86.6 million447,477559,2441.5091.4
2098projection53,167,49522.4–87.4 million449,442558,9681.5091.5
2099projection53,349,20222.1–87.8 million451,404558,4381.5091.6
2100projection53,524,62121.9–88.8 million451,815558,2461.4991.8
Show the numbers: Canada, mid-2026, by single year of age
Canada: population by single year of age, mid-2026
AgeMaleFemale
0188,607179,028
1192,302182,818
2194,399185,060
3195,183185,992
4199,605190,296
5202,259192,736
6202,284192,964
7204,674195,406
8207,565197,723
9210,738200,559
10213,387203,356
11215,028205,286
12216,146206,568
13217,231207,718
14217,672208,520
15218,697210,015
16221,867213,576
17225,994218,284
18229,392222,644
19231,574225,631
20233,966228,280
21238,412232,858
22243,630238,100
23249,402243,068
24261,051252,263
25277,491264,603
26288,536271,682
27291,245271,988
28292,482271,212
29295,420273,105
30298,485276,848
31299,558278,927
32298,152279,311
33297,089281,142
34297,664284,417
35298,993287,391
36297,286286,988
37290,453282,044
38283,680277,456
39282,253276,928
40283,402278,182
41282,154278,020
42278,730276,487
43274,470274,320
44270,322271,792
45266,679269,174
46261,296265,124
47254,190259,284
48248,656254,155
49245,654251,421
50243,742249,594
51240,915246,906
52237,364243,428
53236,272241,603
54239,433244,068
55243,778248,142
56244,051248,638
57240,820246,048
58238,631244,240
59241,638247,112
60251,516256,902
61262,894268,912
62269,082276,012
63268,072275,936
64262,992272,194
65257,881268,775
66251,786264,336
67244,930258,437
68238,591252,781
69230,971246,394
70222,814239,571
71214,221232,572
72203,042222,961
73190,782211,171
74180,128200,422
75171,392191,914
76162,848184,190
77155,036177,491
78148,928172,304
79138,245161,660
80120,834143,053
81106,298127,554
8296,721117,977
8386,968108,428
8476,24498,148
8566,18488,382
8657,46379,194
8749,83270,870
8842,75263,122
8936,34255,991
9030,65249,639
9125,20443,175
9220,35337,013
9316,27431,633
9412,70826,462
959,57821,452
966,87216,724
974,72612,595
983,1639,282
992,0536,666
100+3,01012,473

CAN · 1950–2100 · every age, every year

Canada, every age in every year

Each column is a year and each row an age; the denser the ink in a cell, the more people. Everyone born in the same year climbs one 45° diagonal, so famines, baby booms and migration show up as streaks. Select a cell to follow its generation.

CAN · ages 15–64

Who does the work in Canada

In Canada the number of people aged 15–64 is still growing in 2100, the last year the UN projects. In 2023 there were 25,677,000 of them.

100 aged 15–64
23 children
30 aged 65+

aged 15–64   children under 15   aged 65 and over

How to read this: take 100 people of working age — the orange row — and the two rows under it are the children (teal) and the people of 65 and over (violet) who lived alongside them in 2023.

Fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 in 41 years: 1978–2018.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100   the same, projected   50 or more

How to read this: 1950 on the left, 2100 on the right; coloured in the years with fewer than 50 dependants per 100 working-age people, grey in the rest, hatched where that is a projection.

How every country compares

CAN · arrivals minus departures

Who arrives in Canada, and who leaves

In 2020–2025 Canada gains 350,535 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 20–24, at 70,292 a year more arriving than leaving.

one square = 10,000 people a year
020406080+

more arrive than leave   more leave than arrive

How to read this: age runs left to right, babies to 100. A blue square above the line means arrivals outnumber departures at that age, an orange square below it means the opposite. The figures are the UN's projection for 2020–2025; nobody recorded migration by age before 2020.

In the years that were counted, 1950–2023, the most it gained in one year was 459,988 (2022) and the most it lost was 34,721 (1961).

In 2024, 8,805,839 people living in Canada had been born in another country, 22 of every 100 people there, against 15 in 1990.

How migration works everywhere

CAN · births by the mother's age · 1950–2100

Who has the babies in Canada

Of every 100 babies born in Canada in 2023, 1 had a mother under 20, 74 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 25 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 7 under 20 and 15 aged 35 or older.

1950
7 · 78 · 15
2023
1 · 74 · 25
2050 · projected
1 · 71 · 28

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: one block a year, 100 squares in each, a square for every hundredth baby. The colour is the mother's age group, and the three numbers underneath are those groups in order, youngest first.

Babies born, 2023
356,745
Average age when women have a baby
31.4 years
28.6 in 1950
Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19
5
45 in 1950
Babies by the mother's age, 1950–2100
Babies born in Canada by the mother's age
Mother's age19501975200020232050 projected2100 projected
10–14129461198412832
15–1923,94938,79517,4445,0093,7104,283
20–2498,879115,44759,50830,98327,85534,313
25–29109,944125,485102,07594,73996,076116,216
30–3471,71651,01897,013136,695145,760173,229
35–3941,03213,87945,44172,86184,97798,746
40–4412,5152,9647,73715,18119,75222,493
45–499582833001,2212,0932,433
50–54274921156370
All babies359,149348,381329,737356,745380,314451,815

The UN's births for each year, split by the mother's age in the UN's own proportions.

CAN · healthy years · 2021

Years in good health in Canada

In Canada, WHO puts the healthy years a newborn could expect in 2021 at 69.8 (95% range 68.9–70.5), out of 81.6 in all. The years in less than full health come to 11.8, above the world's 9.5.

Women

70.6 in full health, 13.2 not: 83.8 years

Men

68.9 in full health, 10.5 not: 79.4 years

a year in full health   a year in less than full health

How to read this: each square is a year of life, each row ten years; filled squares are years in full health, rounded to whole years.

Women: 70.6 healthy years of 83.8. Men: 68.9 of 79.4. In 2019, before the pandemic, the healthy years were 70.3.

CAN · forced from home · end of 2025

Displacement in Canada

At the end of 2025, Canada was hosting 730,503 people who had crossed a border into it, about 18 of every 1,000 people living there.

  1. hosted from abroad730,503
  2. Canada nationals abroad575

stayed inside their own country   crossed a border

How to read this: each square is 20,000 people, so the rows can be compared with one another. The last row is people from Canada living in another country, wherever they are. An outlined square means fewer people than one square stands for.

In 2025, 117,354 people asked for asylum in Canada for the first time; 106 people from Canada asked for asylum in another country. Who asks for asylum, and who is given it

How the world's displacement is counted

CAN · of every 100 people

How people live in Canada

Of every 100 people in Canada in 2025, 53 lived in a city, 23 in a town or suburb and 24 in the countryside.

cities towns and suburbs rural areas

Nearly everyone has electricity at home (2024). 5.6 of every 100 do not use the internet (2024).

How to read this: everyone here, shrunk to 100 squares, with the colour saying whether that hundredth person lives in a city, a town or the countryside. Every country is measured by the same rule.

How the world's people live

CAN · adults 25 and over · 2020

How far people in Canada went in school

Almost every adult in Canada went to school: of every 100 in 2020, 86 finished upper secondary or went further.

1 some primary 4 finished primary 9 finished lower secondary 22 finished upper secondary 64 studied after school

Its people aged 15 to 64 were most numerous in 2020, the first year counted, and are never as many again in the middle projection; the ones who finished upper secondary are most numerous later, in 2045.

How to read this: the row is the adults (25 and over) shrunk to 100 people, coloured by how far each went in school, least schooling on the left. The Wittgenstein Centre's count, 2020.

How far the world's people went in school

CAN · cities · 2025

Cities in Canada

Canada had 56 cities in 2025, home to 21.1 million people. The largest, Toronto, holds 14 of every 100 people in Canada.

  1. Toronto5,494,431
  2. Montreal2,668,723
  3. Vancouver1,707,865
  4. Calgary1,197,110
  5. Edmonton981,522
  6. Winnipeg679,037
  7. Ottawa605,121
  8. Quebec490,451
  9. Surrey454,230
  10. Hamilton432,788
All 17 cities in Canada that reach 300,000 people

How to read this: the 10 biggest cities here in 2025, drawn on a single scale so the bars can be compared. Each is a built-up area on the UN's rule rather than a city government's patch.

All the world's cities

Apparatus

Sources and method

Every figure on this page comes from the UN's World Population Prospects 2024: the annual country tables (estimates to 2023, projections with 95% intervals from 2024), and the population by single year of age and sex for the pyramid.

The censuses, surveys and registers behind the UN's estimates for Canada are listed, source by source, on the UN's own data sources page.

Sources: UN WPP 2024 · World Bank · UNHCR · country code lists · UN WUP 2025 · Wittgenstein Centre · WHO GHO · flag-icons · Natural Earth. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →

Checked before it was drawn

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries The pyramid for every year was checked against the published total. What that stamp counts, and what every page here has to pass before it can be built: how this site checks its figures.