Country or area · Southern Europe · Europe · UN WPP 2024

Portugal population

Portugal population now

10,391,257

A projection read at this second, not a count: the UN's totals for 1 January 2026 and 2027, joined by a straight line. 95% range for 31 December 2026: 10.2–10.5 million.

Mid-2023, UN estimate: 10,430,738

Year: 2026; projection · medium
Population, mid-2026: 10.3954 million; 95% range, 31 Dec: 10.2–10.5 million
Median age: 48.2
Aged 65+: 25.4%

Move through time, 1950–2100

2023 | 2024

male female projection · one cell = 2,000 people

How to read this: one row for each age, newborns at the bottom; men on the left, women on the right.

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries

PRT · 1950–2100 · in brief

Portugal in numbers

The UN counts 10,430,738 people in Portugal in mid-2023, which makes it the 91st-largest population of the 236 countries and areas the UN reports, and 0.13% of the world's people. That is 1.2 times its 1950 population of 8.4 million.

Its population peaked in 2010 at 10.6 million and has been falling since. The UN's medium projection has 8.8 million in 2100. The projection is uncertain: on 1 January 2100 the UN's 95% range runs from 5.9 million to 12.5 million.

2009 was the last year births kept up with deaths. Every year since has had more deaths than births, as does every projected year to 2100. The population still grew until 2010, because more people arrived than left.

The median age was 26.0 in 1950 and 47.2 in 2023; the projection has 48.3 in 2100. 24.1% of people were 65 or older in 2023, against 31.1% projected for 2100. The working-age population (15–64) peaked in 2008 at 7.0 million; in 2023 it was 6.6 million.

Its place in the world by population: 91st in 2023, 98th in 2050, 108th in 2100. In the medium projection it overtakes Cuba in 2042 and Czechia in 2065. It is overtaken by Papua New Guinea in 2024, Tajikistan in 2024 and Azerbaijan in 2026.

Population, mid-2023: 10,430,738
Rank by population, 2023: 91 of 236
Share of the world, 2023: 0.13%
Change in a year, mid-2022 to mid-2023: +0.13% · +13,666 people
People per km² of land, 2023: 114
Land area, 2023: 91,606 km²
Births, 2023: 86,646
Deaths, 2023: 115,917
Net migration, 2023: +29,102
Children per woman, 2023: 1.51
Median age, 2023: 47.2 years
Life expectancy at birth, 2023: 82.4 years
In a city, 2025: 36 of every 100
Population, mid-1950: 8,418,876
Projected, mid-2050: 9,770,270
Projected, mid-2100: 8,753,987

PRT · 1950–2100 · total population

Population, 1950–2100

estimates | projections02.5 m5 m7.5 m10 m12.5 m15 m1950197520002025205020752100

estimate projection, up to the bottom of the 95% range 95% range medium projection. Every column stands for a single year, counted on 1 January, and the paper rules slice it into cells of equal size.

Show the numbers: Portugal, 1950–2100

Portugal: population on 1 January, births, deaths, fertility and life expectancy, 1950–2100
Year	Kind	Population, 1 Jan	95% range	Births	Deaths	Children per woman	Life expectancy
1950	estimate	8,386,357		205,622	104,210	3.16	58.5
1951	estimate	8,451,396		209,102	105,979	3.18	58.8
1952	estimate	8,496,996		211,935	100,748	3.20	59.8
1953	estimate	8,549,851		202,913	97,246	3.04	61.1
1954	estimate	8,595,643		198,531	94,975	2.96	62.2
1955	estimate	8,638,277		210,147	99,379	3.13	61.4
1956	estimate	8,687,498		204,402	106,507	3.03	61.2
1957	estimate	8,720,627		212,436	101,619	3.14	61.4
1958	estimate	8,765,952		213,665	91,397	3.15	63.7
1959	estimate	8,819,603		213,667	96,926	3.14	62.9
1960	estimate	8,861,139		214,816	94,776	3.16	64.2
1961	estimate	8,885,297		217,655	98,723	3.21	62.8
1962	estimate	8,891,452		218,147	95,567	3.23	64.3
1963	estimate	8,900,100		209,722	96,439	3.13	64.9
1964	estimate	8,896,504		212,872	95,577	3.21	65.1
1965	estimate	8,895,023		206,734	93,685	3.16	66.1
1966	estimate	8,884,227		204,289	98,549	3.16	65.6
1967	estimate	8,860,732		200,900	94,450	3.16	66.5
1968	estimate	8,830,951		195,831	93,132	3.12	66.8
1969	estimate	8,788,458		192,240	99,554	3.11	66.4
1970	estimate	8,720,019		183,199	92,336	3.01	67.0
1971	estimate	8,619,028		180,376	96,209	3.00	66.8
1972	estimate	8,752,136		175,360	87,503	2.86	69.2
1973	estimate	8,879,058		172,840	92,227	2.77	68.6
1974	estimate	8,999,415		171,757	93,485	2.69	69.1
1975	estimate	9,118,937		179,169	94,696	2.75	68.8
1976	estimate	9,245,668		187,218	98,535	2.81	69.1
1977	estimate	9,374,844		181,503	92,639	2.68	70.3
1978	estimate	9,501,490		168,011	92,535	2.45	70.8
1979	estimate	9,611,300		160,681	89,114	2.31	71.6
1980	estimate	9,715,305		157,952	91,198	2.25	71.7
1981	estimate	9,811,944		151,832	92,609	2.13	71.9
1982	estimate	9,863,228		149,718	89,489	2.07	72.7
1983	estimate	9,908,449		143,293	93,113	1.96	72.7
1984	estimate	9,942,067		140,351	94,026	1.90	72.9
1985	estimate	9,971,724		128,892	94,236	1.73	73.2
1986	estimate	9,987,213		124,565	92,793	1.66	73.7
1987	estimate	9,998,974		121,578	92,399	1.62	74.1
1988	estimate	10,005,012		120,800	95,056	1.61	74.1
1989	estimate	10,004,167		118,091	93,058	1.57	74.7
1990	estimate	9,998,584		116,719	99,984	1.55	74.3
1991	estimate	9,980,464		116,630	101,291	1.56	74.2
1992	estimate	9,957,889		114,941	98,189	1.54	74.9
1993	estimate	9,962,790		113,632	103,094	1.51	74.8
1994	estimate	9,981,893		109,108	96,681	1.45	75.7
1995	estimate	10,015,080		107,152	100,786	1.41	75.5
1996	estimate	10,048,421		109,936	104,117	1.44	75.5
1997	estimate	10,086,877		112,492	102,062	1.47	75.9
1998	estimate	10,134,226		113,191	103,528	1.47	76.1
1999	estimate	10,184,825		115,754	105,228	1.50	76.3
2000	estimate	10,244,918		118,781	102,801	1.54	76.8
2001	estimate	10,321,491		112,747	102,636	1.46	77.2
2002	estimate	10,387,158		113,502	103,908	1.46	77.4
2003	estimate	10,438,930		112,019	106,123	1.44	77.6
2004	estimate	10,469,560		109,261	99,538	1.41	78.4
2005	estimate	10,493,203		108,826	104,798	1.41	78.3
2006	estimate	10,512,784		105,207	99,277	1.37	79.1
2007	estimate	10,535,456		102,562	100,891	1.35	79.3
2008	estimate	10,558,193		103,785	101,491	1.38	79.6
2009	estimate	10,569,968		99,740	101,672	1.35	79.8
2010	estimate	10,582,566		100,745	102,925	1.38	80.1
2011	estimate	10,574,754		96,535	100,432	1.34	80.6
2012	estimate	10,539,351		89,706	105,031	1.28	80.5
2013	estimate	10,486,949		83,046	103,999	1.21	80.9
2014	estimate	10,429,646		82,184	102,635	1.23	81.3
2015	estimate	10,382,751		84,792	106,551	1.30	81.3
2016	estimate	10,357,783		86,453	108,494	1.36	81.4
2017	estimate	10,334,961		85,621	107,841	1.38	81.7
2018	estimate	10,326,727		86,023	111,263	1.41	81.6
2019	estimate	10,323,979		85,246	109,809	1.42	82.0
2020	estimate	10,362,447		83,378	121,309	1.41	81.4
2021	estimate	10,378,591		77,859	122,738	1.33	81.4
2022	estimate	10,403,320		84,319	125,512	1.45	81.2
2023	estimate	10,430,825		86,646	115,917	1.51	82.4
2024	estimate	10,430,651		86,151	117,517	1.51	82.5
2025	projection	10,419,934	10.4–10.5 million	85,660	118,336	1.52	82.7
2026	projection	10,403,733	10.3–10.5 million	85,260	118,973	1.52	82.9
2027	projection	10,386,992	10.2–10.5 million	85,007	119,635	1.53	83.1
2028	projection	10,368,969	10.2–10.5 million	84,758	120,416	1.53	83.2
2029	projection	10,347,628	10.1–10.6 million	84,679	121,235	1.53	83.4
2030	projection	10,327,304	10.1–10.6 million	84,783	121,907	1.53	83.5
2031	projection	10,308,550	10.0–10.6 million	84,958	122,707	1.54	83.7
2032	projection	10,288,310	10.0–10.6 million	85,265	123,511	1.54	83.8
2033	projection	10,265,782	9.9–10.6 million	85,594	124,383	1.54	84.0
2034	projection	10,243,535	9.9–10.6 million	85,881	125,321	1.55	84.1
2035	projection	10,219,809	9.8–10.7 million	86,279	126,171	1.55	84.2
2036	projection	10,196,672	9.8–10.7 million	86,580	127,011	1.55	84.4
2037	projection	10,172,644	9.7–10.7 million	86,869	127,834	1.55	84.5
2038	projection	10,148,944	9.7–10.7 million	87,042	128,766	1.56	84.7
2039	projection	10,123,568	9.6–10.7 million	87,134	129,654	1.56	84.8
2040	projection	10,096,396	9.5–10.7 million	87,037	130,258	1.56	84.9
2041	projection	10,068,115	9.5–10.7 million	86,961	130,964	1.56	85.0
2042	projection	10,041,976	9.4–10.8 million	86,651	131,753	1.56	85.2
2043	projection	10,014,592	9.3–10.8 million	86,280	132,174	1.56	85.3
2044	projection	9,984,488	9.3–10.8 million	85,897	132,814	1.57	85.4
2045	projection	9,954,080	9.2–10.8 million	85,412	133,089	1.57	85.6
2046	projection	9,922,699	9.2–10.8 million	84,844	133,618	1.57	85.7
2047	projection	9,889,981	9.1–10.8 million	84,101	134,056	1.57	85.8
2048	projection	9,856,897	9.0–10.8 million	83,670	134,359	1.57	85.9
2049	projection	9,824,242	8.9–10.8 million	83,045	134,608	1.57	86.0
2050	projection	9,788,033	8.9–10.8 million	82,568	134,735	1.57	86.2
2051	projection	9,752,508	8.8–10.8 million	82,184	134,897	1.58	86.3
2052	projection	9,717,122	8.8–10.8 million	81,857	135,181	1.58	86.4
2053	projection	9,679,791	8.7–10.8 million	81,532	135,252	1.58	86.5
2054	projection	9,641,395	8.6–10.8 million	81,338	135,362	1.58	86.7
2055	projection	9,604,171	8.6–10.8 million	81,158	135,292	1.58	86.8
2056	projection	9,565,279	8.5–10.8 million	81,063	135,318	1.58	86.9
2057	projection	9,528,102	8.4–10.8 million	81,103	135,289	1.58	87.0
2058	projection	9,491,305	8.3–10.8 million	81,152	135,198	1.58	87.1
2059	projection	9,451,897	8.3–10.8 million	81,131	134,894	1.58	87.2
2060	projection	9,414,583	8.2–10.8 million	81,195	134,746	1.58	87.3
2061	projection	9,377,186	8.1–10.8 million	81,254	134,311	1.58	87.5
2062	projection	9,341,635	8.0–10.8 million	81,371	133,936	1.58	87.6
2063	projection	9,305,286	8.0–10.8 million	81,554	133,336	1.59	87.7
2064	projection	9,269,308	7.9–10.8 million	81,720	132,770	1.59	87.8
2065	projection	9,233,143	7.8–10.9 million	81,632	131,962	1.59	87.9
2066	projection	9,199,737	7.8–10.9 million	81,730	131,155	1.59	88.1
2067	projection	9,167,338	7.7–10.9 million	81,742	130,217	1.59	88.2
2068	projection	9,135,954	7.6–10.9 million	81,879	128,989	1.59	88.3
2069	projection	9,103,977	7.6–10.9 million	82,005	127,803	1.59	88.4
2070	projection	9,074,437	7.5–10.9 million	82,081	126,252	1.59	88.5
2071	projection	9,046,782	7.4–11.0 million	82,132	124,754	1.59	88.6
2072	projection	9,020,532	7.4–11.0 million	82,205	122,857	1.59	88.7
2073	projection	8,997,720	7.3–11.1 million	82,243	120,915	1.60	88.9
2074	projection	8,974,085	7.3–11.1 million	82,189	119,054	1.60	89.0
2075	projection	8,951,696	7.2–11.1 million	82,130	116,944	1.60	89.1
2076	projection	8,932,553	7.1–11.1 million	81,972	114,820	1.60	89.2
2077	projection	8,914,390	7.1–11.2 million	81,808	112,713	1.60	89.3
2078	projection	8,899,777	7.0–11.2 million	81,663	110,659	1.60	89.4
2079	projection	8,886,124	7.0–11.3 million	81,439	108,705	1.60	89.5
2080	projection	8,873,802	6.9–11.3 million	81,116	106,893	1.60	89.7
2081	projection	8,863,045	6.8–11.4 million	80,800	105,223	1.60	89.8
2082	projection	8,852,911	6.8–11.4 million	80,575	103,811	1.60	89.9
2083	projection	8,844,826	6.7–11.5 million	80,296	102,468	1.60	90.0
2084	projection	8,838,638	6.7–11.5 million	79,985	101,424	1.60	90.1
2085	projection	8,831,989	6.7–11.6 million	79,704	100,432	1.60	90.2
2086	projection	8,826,724	6.6–11.6 million	79,522	99,532	1.61	90.3
2087	projection	8,822,088	6.6–11.7 million	79,351	98,906	1.61	90.4
2088	projection	8,815,965	6.5–11.7 million	79,084	98,448	1.61	90.5
2089	projection	8,811,358	6.5–11.8 million	78,823	98,118	1.61	90.6
2090	projection	8,806,797	6.4–11.9 million	78,589	97,910	1.60	90.8
2091	projection	8,802,528	6.4–11.9 million	78,455	97,817	1.60	90.9
2092	projection	8,798,541	6.3–12.0 million	78,335	97,691	1.60	91.0
2093	projection	8,793,436	6.3–12.1 million	78,330	97,638	1.61	91.1
2094	projection	8,788,691	6.2–12.2 million	78,238	97,828	1.60	91.2
2095	projection	8,784,045	6.2–12.3 million	78,268	97,723	1.61	91.3
2096	projection	8,776,530	6.1–12.3 million	78,286	97,762	1.61	91.4
2097	projection	8,770,542	6.0–12.4 million	78,310	97,796	1.61	91.5
2098	projection	8,765,255	6.0–12.4 million	78,373	97,686	1.61	91.7
2099	projection	8,761,269	5.9–12.4 million	78,412	97,707	1.61	91.8
2100	projection	8,756,138	5.9–12.5 million	78,387	97,560	1.61	91.9

Show the numbers: Portugal, mid-2026, by single year of age

Portugal: population by single year of age, mid-2026
Age	Male	Female
0	44,002	41,710
1	44,348	42,179
2	44,695	42,586
3	44,345	42,278
4	42,656	40,714
5	42,916	40,850
6	44,978	42,678
7	45,454	43,598
8	45,273	43,662
9	45,612	43,525
10	45,425	43,364
11	44,264	42,116
12	43,564	41,442
13	45,373	43,165
14	48,927	46,376
15	51,172	49,486
16	51,108	49,956
17	51,953	50,132
18	53,160	51,133
19	53,868	52,194
20	56,466	54,260
21	57,644	55,106
22	57,882	55,573
23	58,560	56,159
24	58,086	55,647
25	59,468	57,049
26	60,235	58,130
27	58,052	56,153
28	56,480	54,810
29	55,876	53,929
30	55,248	52,922
31	54,415	52,553
32	54,822	53,754
33	55,590	55,350
34	56,172	55,925
35	56,580	56,248
36	56,022	56,159
37	55,992	56,632
38	56,376	57,644
39	56,795	58,720
40	58,125	60,506
41	61,036	63,805
42	63,689	66,866
43	65,560	69,568
44	67,124	72,013
45	68,868	74,298
46	70,324	75,926
47	71,170	77,114
48	74,992	81,276
49	78,482	85,122
50	79,033	85,825
51	77,950	85,163
52	75,698	83,439
53	74,579	82,327
54	74,161	82,148
55	72,666	80,484
56	70,743	78,440
57	69,623	77,541
58	68,916	77,780
59	68,764	78,604
60	69,085	79,182
61	69,076	79,746
62	67,841	79,082
63	66,459	77,816
64	66,173	77,675
65	66,182	77,444
66	64,476	75,706
67	62,627	74,386
68	62,147	74,035
69	60,564	72,259
70	59,144	71,303
71	57,845	70,027
72	55,464	67,518
73	54,037	67,056
74	53,954	66,759
75	53,041	65,098
76	50,802	62,916
77	48,802	62,141
78	45,016	58,970
79	40,810	54,586
80	39,071	53,837
81	36,258	51,087
82	32,169	46,165
83	28,336	41,722
84	25,212	37,774
85	22,890	35,141
86	20,405	33,497
87	17,912	31,220
88	15,264	28,008
89	13,151	25,065
90	11,222	22,188
91	8,846	18,612
92	6,838	15,216
93	5,300	12,585
94	4,046	10,067
95	2,915	7,780
96	1,943	5,658
97	1,281	4,042
98	823	2,854
99	516	1,928
100+	726	3,072

PRT · 1950–2100 · every age, every year

Portugal, every age in every year

Each column is a year and each row an age; the denser the ink in a cell, the more people. Everyone born in the same year climbs one 45° diagonal, so famines, baby booms and migration show up as streaks. Select a cell to follow its generation.

PRT · ages 15–64

Who does the work in Portugal

Portugal had the most working-age people it is ever expected to have in 2008: 7,036,460 people aged 15–64, against 6,570,830 in 2023.

100 aged 15–64

20 children

38 aged 65+

aged 15–64 children under 15 aged 65 and over

How to read this: take 100 people of working age — the orange row — and the two rows under it are the children (teal) and the people of 65 and over (violet) who lived alongside them in 2023.

Fewer than 50 dependants live alongside every 100 people aged 15–64 in 16 years: 1992–2007.

fewer than 50 dependants per 100 the same, projected 50 or more

How to read this: the strip runs 1950 to 2100. Coloured years are the ones with under 50 dependants for every 100 people aged 15–64; grey years are the rest, and a hatched year has not happened yet.

How every country compares

PRT · arrivals minus departures

Who arrives in Portugal, and who leaves

In 2020–2025 Portugal gains 44,663 people a year: everyone who arrives, minus everyone who leaves. The age at which that happens most is 20–24, at 5,058 a year more arriving than leaving.

one square = 500 people a year

020406080+

more arrive than leave more leave than arrive

How to read this: age runs left to right, babies to 100. A blue square above the line means arrivals outnumber departures at that age, an orange square below it means the opposite. The figures are the UN's projection for 2020–2025; nobody recorded migration by age before 2020.

Its best and worst years between 1950 and 2023: a gain of 69,606 (2021), and a loss of 191,862 (1970).

In 2024, 1,127,184 people living in Portugal had been born in another country, 11 of every 100 people there, against 4 in 1990.

How migration works everywhere

PRT · births by the mother's age · 1950–2100

Who has the babies in Portugal

Of every 100 babies born in Portugal in 2023, 2 had a mother under 20, 66 a mother aged 20 to 34 and 32 a mother aged 35 or older. In 1950 it was 4 under 20 and 23 aged 35 or older.

1950
4 · 73 · 23

2023
2 · 66 · 32

2050 · projected
1 · 54 · 45

The mother's age: under 20 20 to 34 35 or older projected

How to read this: one block a year, 100 squares in each, a square for every hundredth baby. The colour is the mother's age group, and the three numbers underneath are those groups in order, youngest first.

Babies born, 2023: 86,646
Average age when women have a baby: 31.7 years; 30.2 in 1950
Babies a year per 1,000 girls aged 15–19: 7; 22 in 1950

Babies by the mother's age, 1950–2100

Babies born in Portugal by the mother's age
Mother's age	1950	1975	2000	2023	2050 projected	2100 projected
10–14	39	104	137	24	4	3
15–19	9,064	14,956	7,559	1,778	465	394
20–24	52,656	55,321	24,424	8,734	4,045	3,735
25–29	58,632	51,725	39,532	19,053	13,462	13,090
30–34	38,579	29,447	31,472	28,987	27,547	26,414
35–39	31,205	18,489	13,166	21,039	25,701	24,656
40–44	13,714	7,930	2,392	6,524	10,459	9,277
45–49	1,672	1,135	95	507	885	818
50–54	61	62	4	0	0	0
All babies	205,622	179,169	118,781	86,646	82,568	78,387

The UN's births for each year, split by the mother's age in the UN's own proportions.

PRT · healthy years · 2021

Years in good health in Portugal

In Portugal, WHO puts the healthy years a newborn could expect in 2021 at 69.5 (95% range 68.8–70.4), out of 81.2 in all. The years in less than full health come to 11.7, above the world's 9.5.

Women

70.5 in full health, 13.4 not: 83.9 years

Men

68.5 in full health, 9.8 not: 78.3 years

a year in full health a year in less than full health

How to read this: each square is a year of life, each row ten years; filled squares are years in full health, rounded to whole years.

Women: 70.5 healthy years of 83.9. Men: 68.5 of 78.3. In 2019, before the pandemic, the healthy years were 70.1.

PRT · forced from home · end of 2025

Displacement in Portugal

At the end of 2025, Portugal was hosting 78,944 people who had crossed a border into it, about 8 of every 1,000 people living there.

hosted from abroad78,944
Portugal nationals abroad485

stayed inside their own country crossed a border

How to read this: count the squares — 2,000 people each, so the rows can be compared with one another. The last row is people from Portugal living in another country, wherever they are. An outlined square means fewer people than one square stands for.

In 2025, 1,755 people asked for asylum in Portugal for the first time; 164 people from Portugal asked for asylum in another country. Who asks for asylum, and who is given it

How the world's displacement is counted

PRT · of every 100 people

How people live in Portugal

Of every 100 people in Portugal in 2025, 36 lived in a city, 35 in a town or suburb and 29 in the countryside.

cities towns and suburbs rural areas

Nearly everyone has electricity at home (2024). 11.5 of every 100 do not use the internet (2024).

How to read this: everyone here, shrunk to 100 squares, with the colour saying whether that hundredth person lives in a city, a town or the countryside. Every country is measured by the same rule.

How the world's people live

PRT · adults 25 and over · 2020

How far people in Portugal went in school

Of every 100 adults in Portugal in 2020, 8 never went to school and 37 finished upper secondary or went further.

8 never went to school 25 some primary 13 finished primary 17 finished lower secondary 17 finished upper secondary 20 studied after school

Among women, 1 of every 100 aged 25–29 never went to school, against 5.8 of every 100 aged 60–64; among men, 1.1 against 5.8.

Its people aged 15 to 64 were most numerous in 2020, the first year counted, and are never as many again in the middle projection; the ones who finished upper secondary are most numerous later, in 2070.

How to read this: 100 squares, one for every hundredth adult aged 25 or over, from least schooling on the left to most on the right. Counted by the Wittgenstein Centre for 2020.

How far the world's people went in school

PRT · cities · 2025

Cities in Portugal

Portugal had 9 cities in 2025, home to 3.8 million people. The largest, Lisbon, holds 18 of every 100 people in Portugal.

Lisbon1,913,798
Porto990,433
Almada213,171
Barreiro142,227
Funchal133,455
Braga105,073
Setúbal97,435
Amora97,426
Póvoa de Varzim60,918

How to read this: one bar for each of the 9 largest cities, 2025, all on the same scale. "City" here means the built-up area the UN measures, not the boundary the city draws itself.

All the world's cities

Apparatus

Sources and method

Every figure on this page comes from the UN's World Population Prospects 2024: the annual country tables (estimates to 2023, projections with 95% intervals from 2024), and the population by single year of age and sex for the pyramid.

The censuses, surveys and registers behind the UN's estimates for Portugal are listed, source by source, on the UN's own data sources page.

Sources: UN WPP 2024 · World Bank · UNHCR · country code lists · UN WUP 2025 · Wittgenstein Centre · WHO GHO · flag-icons · Natural Earth. Every source, its licence and how to cite it →

Checked before it was drawn

Verified 2026-09-30 · 73 canaries The pyramid for every year was checked against the published total. What that stamp counts, and what every page here has to pass before it can be built: how this site checks its figures.